Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Physics / Michael Faraday / Braille

Michael Faraday ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

401,504 braille cells · 424 embossed pages at 40×25 · 3,319 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠃⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠧⠊⠎⠊⠞⠕⠗⠎⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀
⠗⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠺⠑⠇⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠲
⠀⠠⠕⠝⠑⠀⠙⠁⠽⠀⠊⠞⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠁⠀⠽⠕⠥⠝⠛⠀⠍⠁⠝⠂⠀⠺⠓⠕⠍⠀
⠁⠀⠋⠑⠺⠀⠅⠊⠝⠙⠀⠺⠕⠗⠙⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠀⠁⠀⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠁⠞⠞⠑⠝⠞⠊⠕⠝
⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠑⠗⠀
⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠎⠑⠝⠙⠀⠀⠋⠕⠗⠺⠁⠗⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠚⠕⠥⠗⠝⠑⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠇⠊⠋⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠑⠝⠑⠗⠛⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠓⠕⠏⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠁⠝⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗
⠀⠙⠁⠽⠀⠀⠊⠞⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠀
⠉⠓⠊⠑⠋⠞⠁⠊⠝⠂⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠉⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠍⠑⠑⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠊⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠑⠭⠏⠑⠗⠊⠍⠑⠝⠞⠑⠗⠎⠀⠕⠝⠀⠑⠟⠥⠁⠇⠀⠞⠑⠗⠍⠎⠲⠀⠠⠃⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑
⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠓⠁⠗⠙⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠗⠑⠛⠁⠗⠙⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠀
⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠗⠥⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠆⠤⠤⠗⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠉⠓⠕⠎⠑⠝⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠊⠝
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠙⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠍⠗⠲⠀⠠⠗⠕⠃⠑⠗⠞⠀⠠⠍⠁⠇⠇⠑⠞⠲⠀⠲⠲⠲⠀
⠠⠊⠀⠺⠁⠎⠂⠀⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠽⠑⠁⠗⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠑⠙⠂⠀
⠝⠑⠧⠑⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠇⠕⠝⠙⠕⠝⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠕⠥⠞⠀⠏⠁⠽⠊⠝⠛⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠁⠀⠀
⠧⠊⠎⠊⠞⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠎⠀⠠⠊⠀
⠧⠑⠝⠞⠥⠗⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠎⠅⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠶⠊⠋⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠞⠕⠕⠀⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀
⠑⠝⠛⠁⠛⠑⠙⠶⠀⠞⠕⠀⠇⠑⠞⠀⠍⠑⠀⠎⠑⠑⠀⠺⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠓⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠠⠙⠁⠧⠽⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠛⠑⠞⠓⠑⠗⠲⠀⠀⠠⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠎⠊⠍⠏⠇⠑⠀⠛⠗⠁⠉⠊⠕⠥⠎⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠓⠑⠀⠃⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠀⠍⠑⠀
⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠓⠕⠇⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠗⠕⠽⠁⠇⠀
⠠⠊⠝⠎⠞⠊⠞⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠠⠁⠇⠃⠑⠍⠁⠗⠇⠑⠀⠠⠎⠞⠗⠑⠑⠞⠲⠀
⠠⠃⠗⠁⠝⠙⠑⠄⠎⠀⠋⠥⠗⠝⠁⠉⠑⠎⠂⠀⠠⠙⠁⠧⠽⠄⠎⠀⠀⠃⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠽⠂⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠁⠃⠕⠗⠁⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠺⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠓⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.