Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / The Manufacture of Paper / Braille

The Manufacture of Paper ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

488,876 braille cells · 509 embossed pages at 40×25 · 5,853 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠇⠊⠛⠝⠕⠤⠠⠉⠑⠇⠇⠥⠇⠕⠎⠑⠲⠤⠤⠠⠺⠕⠕⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠚⠥⠞⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀
⠞⠽⠏⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠃⠕⠙⠊⠑⠎⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠎⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠉⠑⠇⠇⠥⠇⠕⠎⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠑⠭⠀⠝⠕⠝⠤⠉⠑⠇⠇⠥⠇⠕⠎⠑⠂⠀
⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠙⠑⠎⠉⠗⠊⠃⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠊⠛⠝⠊⠝⠂⠀
⠁⠎⠎⠕⠉⠊⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠛⠑⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠇⠁⠝⠞⠀⠞⠊⠎⠎⠥⠑⠲
⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠓⠑⠍⠊⠎⠞⠗⠽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠝⠕⠝⠤⠉⠑⠇⠇⠥⠇⠕⠎⠑⠀⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠕⠕⠙⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀
⠍⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠎⠞⠊⠇⠇⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⠝⠧⠑⠎⠞⠊⠛⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂
⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠑⠗⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠃⠧⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠍⠕⠧⠁⠇⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠊⠛⠝⠊⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠙⠥⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠧⠑⠗⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠕⠙⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀
⠺⠕⠕⠙⠤⠉⠑⠇⠇⠥⠇⠕⠎⠑⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠀⠇⠕⠎⠎⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠼⠑⠚⠀⠏⠑⠗⠀⠉⠑⠝⠞⠲⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠑⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠕⠕⠙⠲⠀
⠠⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠤⠠⠉⠑⠇⠇⠥⠇⠕⠎⠑⠲⠤⠤⠠⠎⠽⠝⠕⠝⠽⠍⠕⠥⠎⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠥⠛⠛⠑⠎⠞⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠁⠏⠏⠗⠕⠏⠗⠊⠁⠞⠑⠀⠝⠁⠍⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠞⠑⠗⠊⠁⠇⠀
⠥⠎⠥⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠙⠑⠎⠉⠗⠊⠃⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠗⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀
⠎⠊⠇⠅⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠍⠑⠗⠉⠑⠗⠊⠎⠑⠙⠀⠠⠠⠉⠕⠞⠞⠕⠝⠲⠤⠤⠠⠺⠓⠑⠝
⠀⠉⠕⠞⠞⠕⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀⠊⠍⠍⠑⠗⠎⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠎⠞⠗⠕⠝⠛⠀⠎⠕⠇⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠁⠥⠎⠞⠊⠉⠀⠎⠕⠙⠁⠀⠁⠀⠗⠑⠍⠁⠗⠅⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀
⠉⠓⠁⠝⠛⠑⠀⠎⠑⠞⠎⠀⠊⠝⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠓⠽⠎⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠃⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠑⠝⠞⠊⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀⠁⠇⠞⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠋⠇⠁⠞⠞⠑⠝⠑⠙⠀⠞⠥⠃⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠓⠁⠧⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠀
⠇⠁⠗⠛⠑⠀⠉⠑⠝⠞⠗⠁⠇⠀⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠎⠓⠕⠗⠞⠑⠗⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.