Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / The Organism as a Whole, from a Physicochemical Viewpoint / Braille

The Organism as a Whole, from a Physicochemical Viewpoint ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

586,554 braille cells · 622 embossed pages at 40×25 · 3,908 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠗⠁⠉⠑⠎⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠑⠙⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠃⠽⠀
⠠⠛⠕⠇⠙⠎⠉⠓⠍⠊⠙⠞⠲⠼⠁⠊⠑⠀⠀⠼⠁⠊⠑⠀⠠⠛⠕⠇⠙⠎⠉⠓⠍⠊⠙⠞⠂⠀
⠠⠗⠲⠂⠀⠠⠏⠗⠕⠉⠲⠀⠠⠝⠁⠞⠲⠀⠠⠁⠉⠁⠙⠲⠀⠠⠎⠉⠲⠂⠀⠼⠁⠊⠁⠋⠂⠀
⠊⠊⠲⠂⠀⠼⠑⠉⠆⠀⠠⠵⠞⠎⠉⠓⠗⠲⠀⠊⠝⠙⠥⠉⠞⠲⠀
⠠⠁⠃⠎⠞⠁⠍⠍⠥⠝⠛⠎⠇⠑⠓⠗⠑⠂⠀⠼⠁⠊⠁⠃⠂⠀⠧⠊⠊⠲⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠼⠁⠊⠁⠙⠂⠀⠭⠊⠲⠀⠀⠼⠋⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀
⠉⠓⠑⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠎⠥⠃⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠉⠊⠗⠉⠥⠇⠁⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠃⠕⠙⠽⠤⠤⠑⠊⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠙⠑⠗⠊⠧⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠋⠕⠕⠙⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠝⠀
⠥⠏⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠕⠥⠞⠀⠕⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠓⠑⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠥⠝⠙⠎
⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠑⠙⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠊⠝⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠕⠙⠽⠤⠤⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠑⠭⠥⠁⠇⠀⠉⠓⠁⠗⠁⠉⠞⠑⠗⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠃⠑⠎⠞⠀⠎⠓⠕⠺⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠕⠇⠽⠍⠕⠗⠏⠓⠊⠎⠍⠀⠋⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀
⠁⠍⠕⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠕⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀⠁⠝⠞⠎⠂⠀⠃⠑⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠁⠎⠏⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠺⠑⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠗⠥⠇⠑⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠙⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠕
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠎⠑⠭⠑⠎⠀⠁⠀⠞⠓⠊⠗⠙⠀⠕⠝⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠑⠗⠎⠂
⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠗⠑⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠗⠥⠙⠊⠍⠑⠝⠞⠁⠗⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠗⠑⠁⠎⠕⠝⠀⠎⠞⠑⠗⠊⠇⠑⠀⠋⠑⠍⠁⠇⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀
⠙⠊⠋⠋⠑⠗⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠍⠁⠗⠅⠑⠙⠇⠽⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠃⠕⠞⠓⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠽⠏⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠍⠁⠇⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠋⠑⠍⠁⠇⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀
⠑⠭⠞⠑⠗⠝⠁⠇⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠗⠥⠇⠑⠀⠉⠁⠝⠝⠕⠞⠀
⠉⠕⠏⠥⠇⠁⠞⠑⠀⠕⠺⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠙⠑⠋⠊⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠀
⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠥⠗⠑⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠊⠗⠙⠀⠎⠑⠭⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠞⠑⠗⠊⠇⠑⠀
⠝⠑⠥⠞⠑⠗⠎⠂⠀⠉⠁⠝⠀⠃⠑⠀⠞⠗⠁⠝⠎⠋⠕⠗⠍⠑⠙⠀⠁⠞⠀⠙⠑⠎⠊⠗⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠎⠑⠭⠥⠁⠇⠀⠋⠑⠍⠁⠇⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀
⠁⠎⠀⠠⠏⠲⠀⠠⠍⠁⠗⠉⠓⠁⠇⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠙⠑⠍⠕⠝⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.