Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / The Organism as a Whole, from a Physicochemical Viewpoint / Braille

The Organism as a Whole, from a Physicochemical Viewpoint ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

586,554 braille cells · 622 embossed pages at 40×25 · 3,908 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠛⠛⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠑⠁⠀⠥⠗⠉⠓⠊⠝⠀⠉⠁⠝⠀⠝⠕⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠑⠗
⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠑⠗⠞⠊⠇⠊⠵⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠍⠑⠍⠃⠗⠁⠝⠑⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠚⠑⠇⠇⠽⠀⠎⠥⠗⠗⠕⠥⠝⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠛⠛⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠎⠕⠇⠧⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠑⠗⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠋⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠋
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠚⠑⠇⠇⠽⠀⠎⠥⠗⠗⠕⠥⠝⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠛⠛⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠠⠎⠞⠗⠕⠝⠛⠽⠇⠕⠉⠑⠝⠞⠗⠕⠞⠥⠎⠀⠏⠥⠗⠏⠥⠗⠁⠞⠥⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠎⠕⠇⠧⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠁⠉⠊⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠛⠛⠎⠀⠎⠞⠊⠇⠇⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠀⠁⠀
⠋⠑⠗⠞⠊⠇⠊⠵⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠍⠑⠍⠃⠗⠁⠝⠑⠀⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠝⠞⠗⠁⠝⠉⠑
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠎⠏⠑⠗⠍⠁⠞⠕⠵⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠙⠑⠧⠕⠞⠑⠙⠀⠎⠕⠀
⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠎⠏⠁⠉⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠑⠉⠓⠁⠝⠊⠎⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠑⠍⠃⠗⠁⠝⠑⠀
⠋⠕⠗⠍⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠎⠊⠝⠉⠑⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠇⠊⠅⠑⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠀⠁⠀
⠉⠇⠑⠁⠗⠑⠗⠀⠊⠝⠎⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠓⠽⠎⠊⠉⠕⠉⠓⠑⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇
⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠏⠓⠽⠎⠊⠕⠇⠕⠛⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠎⠎⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠓⠑⠝⠕⠍⠑⠝⠁⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠥⠎⠉⠥⠇⠁⠗⠀⠎⠞⠊⠍⠥⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠗⠀⠝⠑⠗⠧⠑⠀⠎⠞⠊⠍⠥⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀
⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠚⠕⠗⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠏⠓⠽⠎⠊⠕⠇⠕⠛⠊⠎⠞⠎
⠀⠃⠁⠎⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠇⠥⠎⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠗⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠍⠑⠉⠓⠁⠝⠊⠎⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠀⠏⠓⠑⠝⠕⠍⠑⠝⠁⠲⠀⠀⠠⠃⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠀⠺⠑
⠀⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠥⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠑⠉⠕⠝⠙⠀
⠋⠁⠉⠞⠕⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠉⠞⠊⠧⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠛⠛⠀⠊⠞⠀
⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠎⠞⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠙⠑⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠑⠇⠽⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀
⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠛⠛⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠗⠎⠞⠀
⠋⠁⠉⠞⠕⠗⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠎⠎⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠇⠽⠊⠝⠛⠀⠍⠑⠍⠃⠗⠁⠝⠑⠀
⠋⠕⠗⠍⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠎⠥⠋⠋⠊⠉⠑⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠧⠑⠇⠕⠏⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠛⠛⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠇⠁⠗⠧⠁⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠝⠕⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.