Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / Natural Philosophy / Braille

Natural Philosophy ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

257,172 braille cells · 270 embossed pages at 40×25 · 642 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠑⠗⠗⠕⠝⠑⠳⠎⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠎⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠀⠃⠽⠀⠮⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠀⠀
⠇⠁⠺⠎⠀⠹⠬⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠥⠝⠑⠟⠥⠊⠧⠕⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠯⠀⠥⠝⠁⠇⠞⠻⠁⠃⠇⠽⠀
⠙⠑⠞⠻⠍⠔⠫⠀⠙⠪⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠀⠧⠀⠍⠔⠥⠞⠑⠌⠀⠙⠑⠞⠁⠊⠇⠲⠀⠠⠹⠊⠎⠀
⠊⠎⠀⠉⠁⠇⠇⠫⠀⠙⠑⠞⠻⠍⠔⠊⠎⠍⠂⠀⠯⠀⠊⠎⠀⠗⠑⠛⠜⠙⠫⠀⠵⠀⠀⠁⠝⠀
⠊⠝⠑⠧⠊⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠑⠟⠥⠢⠉⠑⠀⠷⠀⠑⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠀
⠎⠉⠊⠢⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠀⠛⠢⠻⠁⠇⠊⠵⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠠⠃⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠉⠉⠥⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠧⠑⠌⠊⠛⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠁⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠎
⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠹⠬⠀⠀⠗⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠻⠢⠞⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀⠍⠕⠌⠀⠛⠢⠻⠁⠇⠀
⠿⠍⠥⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠀⠇⠁⠺⠒⠀⠊⠋⠀⠠⠁⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠑⠭⠏⠻⠊⠢⠉⠫⠂⠀⠀⠮⠝⠀⠺⠑⠀⠑⠭⠏⠑⠉⠞⠀⠠⠃⠂⠀⠝⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠜⠊⠇⠽⠀
⠗⠑⠋⠻⠎⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠻⠞⠁⠔⠀⠀⠏⠜⠞⠎
⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠹⠬⠀⠑⠭⠏⠻⠊⠢⠉⠫⠲⠀⠠⠿⠀⠏⠻⠋⠑⠉⠞⠀⠎⠊⠍⠊⠇⠜⠊⠞⠽⠀⠔⠀
⠞⠺⠕⠀⠀⠑⠭⠏⠻⠊⠢⠉⠑⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀⠑⠭⠉⠇⠥⠙⠫⠀⠃⠽⠀⠮⠀⠍⠻⠑⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀
⠞⠀⠺⠑⠀⠕⠥⠗⠎⠑⠇⠧⠑⠎⠀⠡⠁⠝⠛⠑⠀⠀⠥⠝⠉⠑⠁⠎⠬⠇⠽⠀⠯⠀
⠐⠕⠤⠎⠊⠙⠫⠇⠽⠲⠀⠠⠉⠕⠝⠎⠑⠟⠥⠢⠞⠇⠽⠂⠀⠝⠕⠀⠍⠁⠞⠞⠻⠀⠓⠪⠀
⠁⠉⠉⠥⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀⠮⠀⠀⠗⠑⠏⠑⠞⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠁⠀⠿⠍⠻⠀⠑⠭⠏⠻⠊⠢⠉⠑⠀
⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠂⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠧⠀⠏⠜⠞⠊⠉⠊⠏⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠔⠀⠭⠂⠀⠀⠁⠝⠀
⠑⠇⠑⠍⠢⠞⠀⠃⠳⠝⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠑⠝⠞⠻⠂⠀⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠎⠀⠭⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠙⠊⠋⠋⠻⠢⠞⠲⠀⠠⠮⠗⠑⠿⠑⠀⠺⠑⠀⠙⠑⠁⠇⠀⠀⠾⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠁⠀⠏⠜⠞⠊⠁⠇
⠀⠗⠑⠏⠑⠞⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠑⠭⠏⠻⠊⠢⠉⠑⠂⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠕⠝⠀
⠐⠏⠀⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠮⠀⠎⠍⠁⠇⠇⠻⠀⠁⠀⠋⠗⠁⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀
⠑⠝⠞⠊⠗⠑⠀⠑⠭⠏⠻⠊⠢⠉⠑⠂⠀⠮⠀⠍⠀⠀⠛⠢⠻⠁⠇⠀⠮⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠏⠞⠀
⠉⠕⠗⠗⠑⠎⠏⠕⠝⠙⠬⠀⠞⠕⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠐⠏⠲⠀⠠⠃⠀⠮⠀⠍⠕⠌⠀⠛⠢⠻⠁⠇⠀⠀⠯
⠀⠍⠕⠌⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠞⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠀⠇⠁⠺⠎⠀⠁⠏⠏⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠥⠡
⠀⠧⠀⠛⠢⠻⠁⠇⠀⠊⠙⠑⠁⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀⠀⠁⠉⠉⠕⠗⠙⠬⠇⠽⠀⠮⠽⠀⠙⠑⠞⠻⠍⠔⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.