Library / Philosophy / Natural Philosophy / Braille
Natural Philosophy ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
257,172 braille cells · 270 embossed pages at 40×25 · 642 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠀⠊⠝⠧⠢⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠍⠑⠁⠎⠥⠗⠑⠍⠢⠞⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇ ⠀⠙⠕⠍⠔⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠑⠭⠏⠻⠊⠢⠉⠑⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠉⠛⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀ ⠠⠋⠥⠝⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠏⠞⠀⠷⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠔⠥⠊⠞⠽⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠎⠀ ⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠮⠀⠀⠙⠑⠧⠑⠇⠕⠏⠍⠢⠞⠀⠷⠀⠁⠝⠕⠮⠗⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠏⠞⠀⠷ ⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠻⠀⠥⠝⠊⠧⠻⠎⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠉⠀⠃⠑⠀⠀⠡⠜⠁⠉⠞⠻⠊⠵⠫ ⠀⠵⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠭⠞⠢⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠏⠞⠀⠷⠀⠉⠁⠥⠎⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀ ⠶⠏⠲⠀⠼⠉⠁⠶⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠀⠇⠁⠞⠞⠻⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠭⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠮ ⠀⠑⠭⠏⠻⠊⠢⠉⠑⠂⠀⠊⠋⠀⠠⠁⠀⠊⠎⠂⠀⠠⠃⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠂⠀⠔⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠀ ⠠⠁⠀⠊⠎⠀⠥⠝⠙⠻⠌⠕⠕⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠁⠀⠙⠑⠋⠔⠊⠞⠑⠀⠹⠬⠀⠁⠞⠀ ⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠊⠧⠫⠀⠷⠀⠵⠀⠀⠊⠍⠍⠥⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠲⠀⠠⠝⠪⠀⠭⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀ ⠓⠁⠏⠏⠢⠀⠞⠀⠠⠁⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠀⠊⠍⠍⠥⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠂⠀⠃⠀⠗⠑⠏⠗⠑⠎⠢⠞⠎⠀⠁ ⠀⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠏⠞⠀⠾⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠔⠥⠳⠎⠇⠽⠀⠡⠁⠝⠛⠬⠀ ⠡⠜⠁⠉⠞⠻⠊⠌⠊⠉⠎⠲⠀⠠⠮⠝⠂⠀⠵⠀⠁⠀⠗⠥⠇⠑⠂⠀⠠⠃⠀⠀⠺⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀ ⠃⠑⠀⠷⠀⠞⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠎⠀⠞⠀⠑⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀⠧⠁⠇⠥⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀ ⠌⠁⠞⠑⠀⠷⠀⠠⠃⠀⠀⠉⠕⠗⠗⠑⠎⠏⠕⠝⠙⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠑⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀ ⠧⠁⠇⠥⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠌⠁⠞⠑⠀⠷⠀⠠⠁⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠐⠓⠂⠀⠔⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀ ⠗⠑⠉⠊⠏⠗⠕⠉⠁⠇⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠙⠑⠋⠔⠊⠞⠑⠀⠹⠬⠎⠂⠀ ⠺⠑⠀⠀⠓⠀⠮⠀⠗⠑⠉⠊⠏⠗⠕⠉⠁⠇⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠍⠀⠕⠗⠀ ⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠑⠭⠞⠢⠙⠫⠀⠛⠗⠳⠏⠎⠀⠷⠀⠀⠎⠊⠍⠊⠇⠜⠀⠹⠬⠎⠲⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠘⠮⠀ ⠹⠬⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠔⠥⠳⠎⠂⠀⠵⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠎⠎⠥⠍⠫⠀⠐⠓⠀⠶⠯⠀⠀⠱⠊⠡ ⠀⠊⠎⠀⠑⠭⠞⠗⠑⠍⠑⠇⠽⠀⠷⠞⠢⠀⠮⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠶⠂⠀⠃⠕⠹⠀⠛⠗⠳⠏⠎⠀⠕⠗⠀ ⠎⠻⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠑⠧⠢⠀⠹⠳⠛⠓⠀⠀⠮⠽⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠋⠔⠊⠞⠑⠂⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠔⠀⠁⠝ ⠀⠑⠝⠙⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠟⠥⠁⠝⠞⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠊⠝⠙⠊⠧⠊⠙⠥⠁⠇⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠎⠲⠀ ⠠⠎⠥⠡⠀⠁⠀⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠢⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠧⠜⠊⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠹⠬⠎⠀ ⠊⠎⠀⠉⠁⠇⠇⠫⠀⠁⠀⠋⠥⠝⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠁⠇⠹⠳⠛⠓⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.