Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / A Commentary to Kant's 'Critique of Pure Reason' / Braille

A Commentary to Kant's 'Critique of Pure Reason' ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

1,799,113 braille cells · 1,918 embossed pages at 40×25 · 10,399 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠁⠺⠁⠗⠑⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠺⠁⠗⠑⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀
⠓⠥⠍⠁⠝⠀⠑⠭⠏⠑⠗⠊⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠃⠑⠉⠕⠍⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠇⠇⠊⠛⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠁⠎
⠀⠁⠀⠏⠥⠗⠏⠕⠎⠊⠧⠑⠀⠁⠉⠞⠊⠧⠊⠞⠽⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠎⠀
⠊⠞⠎⠑⠇⠋⠀⠁⠉⠉⠕⠗⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠊⠙⠑⠁⠇⠀⠎⠞⠁⠝⠙⠁⠗⠙⠎⠲⠀⠀
⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠁⠎⠞⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠅⠁⠝⠞⠊⠁⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠉⠁⠗⠞⠑⠎⠊⠁⠝⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠉⠊⠕⠥⠎⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀
⠉⠁⠝⠀⠃⠑⠀⠙⠑⠋⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠗⠑⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠝⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀
⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠞⠀⠊⠎⠎⠥⠑⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠁⠏⠓⠁⠝⠕⠥⠎⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠍⠊⠞⠎⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠁⠙⠓⠑⠗⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠙⠑⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠑
⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠏⠗⠑⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠲⠀⠠⠎⠊⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠗⠑⠛⠁⠗⠙⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠎⠉⠊⠕⠥⠎⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠁⠎⠀⠏⠁⠎⠎⠊⠧⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠗⠑⠉⠑⠏⠞⠊⠧⠑⠂⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠁⠊⠝⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠉⠁⠝
⠀⠃⠑⠀⠅⠝⠕⠺⠝⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠊⠝⠀⠎⠕⠀⠋⠁⠗⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀
⠁⠏⠏⠗⠑⠓⠑⠝⠙⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠝⠝⠑⠗⠀⠁⠝⠁⠇⠕⠛⠕⠥⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠎⠑⠇⠧⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠊⠀⠙⠕⠀⠝⠕⠞⠂⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠉⠕⠥⠗⠎⠑⠂⠀⠺⠊⠎⠓⠀⠞⠕⠀⠊⠍⠏⠇⠽⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀⠅⠝⠕⠺⠇⠑⠙⠛⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙
⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠗⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠎⠀⠊⠇⠇⠑⠛⠊⠞⠊⠍⠁⠞⠑⠲⠀⠠⠅⠁⠝⠞⠂⠀⠁⠎
⠀⠺⠑⠀⠎⠓⠁⠇⠇⠀⠋⠊⠝⠙⠂⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠉⠁⠗⠗⠊⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠏⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠑
⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠝⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠑⠭⠞⠗⠑⠍⠑⠂⠀⠁⠎⠎⠥⠍⠊⠝⠛
⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠕⠥⠞⠀⠋⠥⠗⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠁⠗⠛⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠓⠁⠞⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀
⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠎⠓⠕⠺⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠞⠗⠥⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠞⠽⠏⠑⠎⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠶⠋⠕⠗⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠥⠎⠁⠇
⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠥⠃⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠤⠁⠞⠞⠗⠊⠃⠥⠞⠑⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠶⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.