Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / An Essay on the Principle of Population / Braille

An Essay on the Principle of Population ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

322,133 braille cells · 342 embossed pages at 40×25 · 17 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠞⠁⠛⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠕⠕⠗⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀
⠞⠑⠍⠏⠕⠗⠁⠗⠽⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠊⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠊⠎⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀
⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀⠝⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠁⠗⠊⠇⠽⠀⠗⠊⠎⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠊⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠇⠁⠃⠕⠥⠗⠲⠀⠠⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠎⠥⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠂⠀⠠⠊⠀⠉⠁⠝⠝⠕⠞⠀⠁⠧⠕⠊⠙⠀⠧⠑⠝⠞⠥⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠀⠋⠑⠺
⠀⠗⠑⠍⠁⠗⠅⠎⠀⠕⠝⠀⠁⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠙⠗⠀⠠⠁⠙⠁⠍⠀⠠⠎⠍⠊⠞⠓⠄⠎
⠀⠠⠺⠑⠁⠇⠞⠓⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠎⠏⠑⠁⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠊⠙⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠠⠊⠀
⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠀⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠋⠑⠑⠇⠀⠊⠝⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠑⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀
⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠁⠀⠏⠑⠗⠎⠕⠝⠀⠎⠕⠀⠚⠥⠎⠞⠇⠽⠀⠉⠑⠇⠑⠃⠗⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠕⠇⠊⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠺⠕⠗⠇⠙⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠉⠓⠁⠏⠞⠑⠗⠀⠼⠁⠋⠀⠀
⠠⠏⠗⠕⠃⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠑⠗⠗⠕⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠙⠗⠀⠠⠁⠙⠁⠍⠀⠠⠎⠍⠊⠞⠓⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠗⠑⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠑⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠊⠝⠉⠗⠑⠁⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠗⠑⠧⠑⠝⠥⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠎⠞⠕⠉⠅⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠎⠕⠉⠊⠑⠞⠽⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀
⠊⠝⠉⠗⠑⠁⠎⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠥⠝⠙⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠍⠁⠊⠝⠞⠑⠝⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠇⠁⠃⠕⠥⠗⠤⠤⠠⠊⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠺⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀
⠁⠝⠀⠊⠝⠉⠗⠑⠁⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠑⠁⠇⠞⠓⠀⠉⠁⠝⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠝⠕⠀
⠞⠑⠝⠙⠑⠝⠉⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠇⠁⠃⠕⠥⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠏⠕⠕⠗⠤⠤⠠⠑⠝⠛⠇⠁⠝⠙⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠊⠝⠉⠗⠑⠁⠎⠑⠙⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠗⠊⠉⠓⠑⠎⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠕⠥⠞⠀⠁⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀
⠊⠝⠉⠗⠑⠁⠎⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠥⠝⠙⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠍⠁⠊⠝⠞⠑⠝⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠇⠁⠃⠕⠥⠗⠤⠤⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠞⠁⠞⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠏⠕⠕⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠉⠓⠊⠝⠁⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠊⠍⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽
⠀⠁⠝⠀⠊⠝⠉⠗⠑⠁⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠑⠁⠇⠞⠓⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀
⠍⠁⠝⠥⠋⠁⠉⠞⠥⠗⠑⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠋⠑⠎⠎⠑⠙⠀⠕⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠀⠕⠋

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.