Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / An Essay on the Principle of Population / Braille

An Essay on the Principle of Population ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

322,133 braille cells · 342 embossed pages at 40×25 · 17 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠗⠑⠑⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠝⠊⠍⠁⠇⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠉⠥⠇⠞⠊⠧⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠏⠇⠁⠝⠞⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠁⠎⠞⠀
⠟⠥⠑⠎⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠠⠍⠗⠀⠠⠉⠕⠝⠙⠕⠗⠉⠑⠞⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠕⠎⠑⠎⠀
⠋⠕⠗⠀⠑⠭⠁⠍⠊⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠊⠉⠀
⠏⠑⠗⠋⠑⠉⠞⠊⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠁⠝⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀⠕⠃⠎⠑⠗⠧⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞
⠀⠊⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠕⠋⠎⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠁⠇⠗⠑⠁⠙⠽⠀
⠛⠊⠧⠑⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠙⠑⠧⠑⠇⠕⠏⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀
⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠗⠑⠉⠑⠊⠧⠑⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠋⠕⠗⠉⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠀
⠊⠞⠎⠑⠇⠋⠂⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠎⠥⠋⠋⠊⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠑⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠊⠎⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠙⠑⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠑⠀⠏⠑⠗⠋⠑⠉⠞⠊⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠏⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠀
⠋⠁⠉⠥⠇⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠊⠵⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀
⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠑⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠂⠀⠺⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠞⠽⠂⠀⠺⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠭⠞⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀
⠓⠕⠏⠑⠂⠀⠊⠋⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠊⠵⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀
⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠀⠋⠁⠉⠥⠇⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠎⠑⠇⠧⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀
⠎⠥⠎⠉⠑⠏⠞⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠍⠑⠇⠊⠕⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠦⠀⠀⠠⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠊⠍⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠑⠙⠊⠉⠊⠝⠑⠂⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠥⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠺⠓⠕⠇⠑⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠋⠕⠕⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠓⠁⠃⠊⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀
⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠝⠝⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠇⠊⠧⠊⠝⠛⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀
⠊⠍⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠞⠗⠑⠝⠛⠞⠓⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠕⠙⠽⠀⠃⠽⠀
⠑⠭⠑⠗⠉⠊⠎⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠕⠥⠞⠀⠊⠍⠏⠁⠊⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠞⠀⠃⠽⠀⠑⠭⠉⠑⠎⠎⠂
⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀
⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠛⠗⠁⠙⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠁⠝⠂⠀
⠍⠊⠎⠑⠗⠽⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠕⠕⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠗⠊⠉⠓⠑⠎⠂⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.