Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / Scientific Culture, and Other Essays / Braille

Scientific Culture, and Other Essays ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

338,005 braille cells · 356 embossed pages at 40×25 · 734 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠓⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠑⠋⠋⠑⠉⠞⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠍⠥⠎⠉⠇⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠁⠝⠊⠍⠁⠇⠲⠀⠀
⠠⠛⠁⠇⠧⠁⠝⠊⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠎⠏⠢⠞⠀⠁⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠙⠁⠽⠀⠔⠀⠋⠗⠥⠊⠞⠇⠑⠎⠎
⠀⠺⠁⠞⠡⠬⠂⠀⠱⠢⠂⠀⠱⠊⠇⠑⠀⠓⠕⠇⠙⠬⠀⠔⠀⠦⠀⠓⠯⠀⠁⠀⠃⠗⠁⠎⠎⠀
⠺⠊⠗⠑⠂⠀⠉⠕⠝⠝⠑⠉⠞⠫⠀⠾⠀⠮⠀⠍⠥⠎⠉⠇⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠋⠗⠕⠛⠂⠀⠓⠑⠀
⠗⠥⠃⠎⠀⠮⠀⠑⠝⠙⠂⠀⠁⠏⠏⠜⠢⠞⠇⠽⠀⠇⠊⠌⠇⠑⠎⠎⠇⠽⠂⠀⠁⠛⠁⠔⠌⠀⠮⠀
⠊⠗⠕⠝⠀⠗⠁⠊⠇⠬⠂⠀⠱⠢⠂⠀⠇⠕⠖⠀⠮⠀⠋⠗⠕⠛⠄⠎⠀⠇⠑⠛⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠧⠥⠇⠎⠫⠲⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀⠏⠁⠞⠊⠢⠞⠀⠺⠁⠊⠞⠬⠀⠸⠓⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀
⠗⠑⠺⠜⠙⠫⠂⠀⠿⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠕⠃⠎⠻⠧⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠴⠀⠮⠀⠃⠑⠛⠔⠝⠬⠀⠷⠀⠁⠀
⠇⠔⠑⠀⠷⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠧⠻⠽⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠴⠀⠑⠗⠑⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠗⠑⠧⠕⠇⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠊⠵⠑⠀⠮⠀⠸⠺⠲⠀⠠⠃⠀⠠⠛⠁⠇⠧⠁⠝⠊⠀⠴⠀⠝⠀
⠙⠑⠌⠔⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠪⠀⠋⠜⠀⠮⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠏⠁⠹⠀⠓⠑⠀⠸⠓⠀⠹⠥⠎⠀
⠕⠏⠢⠫⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠗⠑⠍⠜⠅⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠕⠃⠎⠻⠧⠫⠀⠴⠀⠹⠊⠎⠒⠀⠠⠮
⠀⠉⠕⠝⠧⠥⠇⠎⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠋⠗⠕⠛⠄⠎⠀⠇⠑⠛⠎⠀⠉⠳⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠫⠀⠾⠳⠞⠀⠮⠀⠊⠝⠞⠻⠧⠢⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀
⠕⠗⠂⠀⠁⠞⠀⠇⠑⠁⠌⠂⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠐⠕⠀⠅⠔⠙⠀⠷⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠊⠞⠽⠀⠮⠝
⠀⠅⠝⠪⠝⠂⠀⠯⠀⠠⠛⠁⠇⠧⠁⠝⠊⠀⠎⠕⠕⠝⠀⠋⠳⠝⠙⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽
⠀⠉⠕⠝⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠝⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠜⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠀⠮⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠀
⠴⠂⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠝⠻⠧⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠋⠗⠕⠛⠀⠩⠳⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠝⠑⠉⠞⠫⠀⠾⠀
⠮⠀⠍⠥⠎⠉⠇⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠇⠑⠛⠀⠃⠽⠀⠐⠎⠀⠛⠕⠕⠙⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠙⠥⠉⠞⠕⠗⠲⠀⠀⠠⠃⠂⠀⠁⠇⠹⠳⠛⠓⠀⠠⠛⠁⠇⠧⠁⠝⠊⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠪⠫⠀
⠥⠏⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠕⠃⠎⠻⠧⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠾⠀⠮⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠑⠌⠀⠵⠑⠁⠇⠂⠀⠯⠀
⠩⠪⠫⠀⠗⠑⠍⠜⠅⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠎⠁⠛⠁⠉⠊⠞⠽⠀⠹⠗⠳⠛⠓⠳⠞⠀⠦⠀⠱⠕⠇⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠧⠑⠌⠊⠛⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠽⠑⠞⠀⠓⠑⠀⠴⠀⠞⠕⠕⠀⠌⠗⠕⠝⠛⠇⠽⠀⠺⠫⠙⠫⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠦⠀⠕⠺⠝⠀⠮⠕⠗⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠊⠝⠞⠻⠏⠗⠑⠞⠀⠉⠕⠗⠗⠑⠉⠞⠇⠽⠀⠮⠀
⠋⠁⠉⠞⠎⠀⠓⠑⠀⠕⠃⠎⠻⠧⠫⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠏⠏⠕⠎⠫⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠑⠝⠙⠀⠷

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.