Library / Mathematics / Of the Just Shaping of Letters / Braille
Of the Just Shaping of Letters ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
55,111 braille cells · 58 embossed pages at 40×25 · 161 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠏⠑⠗⠏⠑⠝⠙⠊⠉⠥⠇⠁⠗⠀⠕⠗⠀⠧⠑⠗⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠀⠛⠲⠀⠓⠲⠀⠁⠝⠙ ⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠕⠗⠊⠵⠕⠝⠞⠁⠇⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠀⠑⠲⠀⠋⠲⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠋⠕⠥⠗⠀ ⠎⠍⠁⠇⠇⠀⠎⠟⠥⠁⠗⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠁⠇⠇⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠎⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠲⠒⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠀⠙⠗⠁⠺⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠗⠕⠁⠙⠑⠗⠀ ⠇⠊⠍⠃⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠑⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠁⠲⠀⠃⠲⠀ ⠙⠕⠺⠝⠺⠁⠗⠙⠎⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠑⠑⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠉⠲⠀⠙⠲⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠞ ⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠕⠺⠝⠀⠺⠊⠙⠞⠓⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠁⠲⠀ ⠉⠲⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠊⠍⠃⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠕⠏⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠃⠕⠞⠞⠕⠍⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠎⠓⠁⠗⠏⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠝⠛⠇⠑⠎⠀⠁⠲ ⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠲⠀⠁⠎⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠎⠓⠕⠺⠝⠀⠁⠃⠕⠧⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠃⠆⠀⠥⠎⠊⠝⠛⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠍⠑⠞⠓⠕⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠎⠞⠗⠁⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠇⠊⠍⠃⠎⠀⠊⠝ ⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠍⠁⠊⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠇⠑⠞⠞⠑⠗⠎⠲⠀⠠⠝⠑⠭⠞⠀⠽⠕⠥⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠞⠕ ⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠇⠊⠍⠃⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠝⠁⠗⠗⠕⠺⠑⠗⠀ ⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠎⠀⠓⠕⠗⠊⠵⠕⠝⠞⠁⠇⠇⠽⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀ ⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠙⠑⠎⠉⠗⠊⠃⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠊⠗⠉⠥⠇⠁⠗⠀⠁⠗⠉⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑ ⠀⠇⠑⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠀⠁⠲⠀⠃⠲⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠕⠏⠀ ⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠀⠉⠲⠀⠙⠲⠀⠁⠞⠀⠃⠕⠞⠞⠕⠍⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠑⠭⠞⠑⠝⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠎⠀⠋⠁⠗⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠑⠗⠏⠑⠝⠙⠊⠉⠥⠇⠁⠗⠀⠛⠲ ⠀⠓⠲⠆⠀⠝⠑⠭⠞⠂⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠽⠕⠥⠗⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠎⠎⠀⠚⠕⠊⠝⠀⠛⠲⠀⠋⠲⠀ ⠓⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠝⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠀⠑⠲⠀⠋⠲⠀⠇⠁⠽⠀⠕⠋⠋⠀⠁⠀ ⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠑⠟⠥⠁⠇⠀⠊⠝⠀⠃⠗⠑⠁⠙⠞⠓⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠊⠙⠑⠎⠞⠀ ⠇⠊⠍⠃⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠑⠞⠞⠑⠗⠂⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠅⠲⠆⠀ ⠝⠑⠭⠞⠂⠀⠎⠑⠞⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠋⠕⠕⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠽⠕⠥⠗⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠎⠎⠀⠕⠝⠀⠅⠲ ⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠇⠑⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠉⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠊⠙⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠀⠑⠲⠀ ⠋⠲⠀⠊⠝⠀⠇⠲⠆⠀⠇⠑⠞⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠃⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠍⠍⠕⠧⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠇⠑⠛⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.