Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / Essays Upon Some Controverted Questions / Braille

Essays Upon Some Controverted Questions ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

1,026,515 braille cells · 1,089 embossed pages at 40×25 · 5,305 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠺⠕⠗⠎⠓⠊⠏⠏⠑⠙⠀⠠⠚⠁⠉⠕⠃⠄⠎⠀⠠⠛⠕⠙⠂⠀⠠⠚⠁⠓⠧⠑⠓⠂⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀
⠉⠁⠗⠗⠊⠑⠙⠀⠕⠋⠋⠂⠀⠕⠃⠧⠊⠕⠥⠎⠇⠽⠀⠃⠑⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠎⠓⠑⠂⠀⠇⠊⠅⠑
⠀⠓⠑⠗⠀⠋⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠂⠀⠃⠑⠇⠊⠑⠧⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠙⠊⠧⠊⠝⠊⠞⠽⠲
⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠎⠥⠛⠛⠑⠎⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠠⠚⠁⠉⠕⠃⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠊⠝
⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠺⠁⠽⠀⠎⠉⠁⠝⠙⠁⠇⠊⠎⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠙⠕⠇⠁⠞⠗⠕⠥⠎⠀
⠏⠗⠁⠉⠞⠊⠉⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠋⠁⠧⠕⠥⠗⠊⠞⠑⠀⠺⠊⠋⠑⠂⠀
⠺⠓⠁⠞⠑⠧⠑⠗⠀⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠞⠓⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠑⠗⠀
⠓⠕⠝⠑⠎⠞⠽⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠗⠥⠞⠓⠀⠉⠁⠍⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠆⠀
⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠑⠗⠁⠏⠓⠊⠍⠀⠎⠑⠑⠍⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠗⠑⠍⠁⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠉⠁⠍⠏⠂⠀⠁⠞⠀⠇⠑⠁⠎⠞⠀⠥⠝⠞⠊⠇⠀⠓⠑⠀⠓⠊⠙⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠎⠞⠗⠁⠝⠛⠑⠀⠛⠕⠙⠎⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠁⠅⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠃⠽⠀
⠠⠎⠓⠑⠉⠓⠑⠍⠀⠶⠠⠛⠑⠝⠲⠀⠭⠭⠭⠧⠲⠀⠼⠙⠶⠲⠀⠠⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠙⠑⠑⠙⠀
⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠕⠏⠑⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠟⠥⠑⠎⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠋⠀⠓⠑⠀⠛⠕⠞⠀⠗⠊⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠂⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠃⠎⠑⠟⠥⠑⠝⠞⠀⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠠⠊⠎⠗⠁⠑⠇⠀⠗⠑⠝⠙⠑⠗⠎⠀⠊⠞⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠙⠕⠥⠃⠞⠋⠥⠇⠀
⠺⠓⠑⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠑⠗⠁⠏⠓⠊⠍⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠗⠑⠛⠁⠗⠙⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀
⠎⠞⠗⠁⠝⠛⠑⠀⠛⠕⠙⠎⠀⠑⠧⠑⠝⠀⠁⠎⠀⠇⠁⠞⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠊⠛⠓⠞⠓⠀
⠉⠑⠝⠞⠥⠗⠽⠀⠠⠃⠲⠠⠉⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠕⠕⠅⠎
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠎⠁⠍⠥⠑⠇⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠎⠀⠊⠞⠀⠟⠥⠊⠞⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠉⠕⠥⠗⠎⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠠⠍⠊⠉⠓⠁⠇⠂⠀⠙⠁⠥⠛⠓⠞⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀
⠗⠕⠽⠁⠇⠀⠠⠚⠁⠓⠧⠑⠓⠀⠺⠕⠗⠎⠓⠊⠏⠏⠑⠗⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠊⠋⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠎⠑⠗⠧⠁⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠚⠁⠓⠧⠑⠓⠀⠏⠁⠗⠀⠑⠭⠉⠑⠇⠇⠑⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠏⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠠⠙⠁⠧⠊⠙⠂⠀⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠓⠑⠗⠀⠞⠑⠗⠁⠏⠓⠊⠍⠀
⠓⠁⠝⠙⠽⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠓⠑⠗⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠙⠁⠧⠊⠙⠄⠎⠀⠉⠓⠁⠍⠃⠑⠗⠂⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝
⠀⠎⠓⠑⠀⠙⠗⠑⠎⠎⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠀⠥⠏⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠃⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠁

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.