Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / Essays Upon Some Controverted Questions / Braille

Essays Upon Some Controverted Questions ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

1,026,515 braille cells · 1,089 embossed pages at 40×25 · 5,305 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠝⠑⠺⠂⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠇⠽⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠑⠝⠙⠎⠀⠊⠞⠎⠑⠇⠋⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠽⠀⠎⠑⠝⠎⠑
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠑⠭⠏⠑⠙⠊⠑⠝⠉⠽⠲⠀⠠⠁⠝⠙⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠂⠀⠊⠞⠀
⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠑⠀⠙⠑⠎⠊⠗⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠠⠊⠀⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀
⠏⠗⠑⠋⠁⠉⠑⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠕⠃⠎⠑⠗⠧⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠁⠎⠀⠠⠊⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑
⠀⠞⠕⠀⠕⠋⠋⠑⠗⠀⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠇⠕⠥⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠗⠛⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀
⠶⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠇⠑⠧⠁⠝⠉⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠎⠎⠥⠑⠀
⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠠⠊⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠧⠑⠝⠞⠥⠗⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠗⠁⠊⠎⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀
⠁⠇⠺⠁⠽⠎⠀⠕⠃⠧⠊⠕⠥⠎⠶⠀⠏⠥⠞⠀⠋⠕⠗⠞⠓⠀⠃⠽⠀⠠⠍⠗⠲⠀
⠠⠛⠇⠁⠙⠎⠞⠕⠝⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠚⠁⠝⠥⠁⠗⠽⠀⠝⠥⠍⠃⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠠⠗⠑⠧⠊⠑⠺⠂⠼⠁⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠝⠙⠑⠁⠧⠕⠥⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑
⠀⠉⠇⠑⠁⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠕⠋⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠑⠗⠎⠀⠁⠎⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀
⠝⠕⠞⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠞⠁⠛⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠋⠕⠗⠑⠝⠎⠊⠉⠀
⠑⠙⠥⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠀⠝⠑⠞⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠉⠥⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠀⠁⠍⠀⠟⠥⠊⠞⠑⠀⠁⠺⠁⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠞⠁⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠞⠁⠎⠅⠂⠀⠠⠊⠀⠗⠥⠝⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠗⠊⠎⠅⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠥⠍⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠙⠑⠁⠇⠀⠚⠥⠙⠊⠉⠊⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠕⠺⠝⠀⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠇⠊⠁⠃⠇⠑⠲⠀⠠⠃⠥⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠑⠭⠁⠉⠞⠇⠽⠀⠃⠑⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠠⠊⠀⠙⠕
⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠎⠓⠥⠝⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠗⠊⠎⠅⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠂⠀⠗⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠂⠀
⠑⠁⠗⠝⠑⠎⠞⠇⠽⠀⠙⠑⠎⠊⠗⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠚⠥⠙⠛⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠺⠓⠕
⠀⠉⠕⠍⠑⠞⠓⠀⠁⠋⠞⠑⠗⠀⠍⠑⠂⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠊⠙⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠓⠑⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠅⠝⠕⠺⠇⠑⠙⠛⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠍⠏⠁⠗⠞⠊⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀
⠁⠏⠏⠗⠕⠏⠗⠊⠁⠞⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠚⠥⠙⠛⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠠⠊⠀⠁⠙⠕⠏⠞⠀⠍⠽
⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠀⠉⠕⠥⠗⠎⠑⠲⠀⠀⠼⠊⠊⠀⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠗⠞⠊⠉⠇⠑⠀
⠕⠝⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠙⠁⠺⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠉⠗⠑⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠺⠕⠗⠎⠓⠊⠏⠂

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.