Library / Education / Abbreviations and Signs / Braille
Abbreviations and Signs ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
88,079 braille cells · 91 embossed pages at 40×25 · 456 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠠⠁⠇⠙⠍⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠇⠙⠑⠗⠍⠁⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠲⠠⠍⠲⠀ ⠕⠗⠀⠠⠍⠲⠠⠁⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠠⠁⠗⠞⠊⠥⠍⠀⠠⠍⠁⠛⠊⠎⠞⠑⠗⠶⠀⠠⠍⠁⠎⠞⠑⠗ ⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠁⠗⠞⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠍⠃⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠁⠍⠃⠁⠎⠎⠁⠙⠕⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠲⠠⠏⠲⠠⠁⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠁⠍⠑⠗⠊⠉⠁⠝⠀⠠⠏⠗⠕⠞⠑⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠠⠁⠎⠎⠕⠉⠊⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠁⠎⠎⠞⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠎⠎⠊⠎⠞⠁⠝⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠲⠠⠞⠲ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠗⠉⠓⠞⠗⠑⠁⠎⠥⠗⠑⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠞⠞⠽⠲⠀ ⠠⠁⠞⠞⠕⠗⠝⠑⠽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠲⠠⠁⠲⠀⠕⠗⠀⠠⠁⠲⠠⠃⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠃⠁⠉⠓⠑⠇⠕⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠁⠗⠞⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠁⠗⠞⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠃⠁⠗⠕⠝⠑⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠲⠠⠉⠲⠠⠇⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠃⠁⠉⠓⠑⠇⠕⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠉⠊⠧⠊⠇⠀⠠⠇⠁⠺⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠲⠠⠙⠲⠀⠀⠀ ⠶⠠⠃⠁⠉⠉⠁⠇⠁⠥⠗⠑⠥⠎⠀⠠⠙⠊⠧⠊⠝⠊⠞⠁⠞⠊⠎⠶⠀⠠⠃⠁⠉⠓⠑⠇⠕⠗⠀ ⠕⠋⠀⠠⠙⠊⠧⠊⠝⠊⠞⠽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠲⠠⠠⠇⠇⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠶⠠⠃⠁⠉⠉⠁⠇⠁⠥⠗⠑⠥⠎⠀⠠⠇⠑⠛⠥⠍⠶⠀⠠⠃⠁⠉⠓⠑⠇⠕⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠠⠇⠁⠺⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠲⠠⠍⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠶⠠⠃⠁⠉⠉⠁⠇⠁⠥⠗⠑⠥⠎⠀⠠⠍⠑⠙⠊⠉⠊⠝⠶⠀⠀⠠⠃⠁⠉⠓⠑⠇⠕⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠠⠍⠑⠙⠊⠉⠊⠝⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠏⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠊⠎⠓⠕⠏ ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠲⠠⠗⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠠⠃⠁⠝⠉⠕⠀⠠⠗⠑⠛⠊⠎⠀ ⠕⠗⠀⠠⠗⠑⠛⠊⠝⠶⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠅⠊⠝⠛⠄⠎⠀⠕⠗⠀⠠⠟⠥⠑⠑⠝⠄⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠃⠑⠝⠉⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠗⠊⠛⠲⠤⠠⠛⠑⠝⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠃⠗⠊⠛⠁⠙⠊⠑⠗⠤⠠⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠗⠕⠶⠎⠶⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠃⠗⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠶⠎⠶⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠲⠠⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠃⠁⠉⠓⠑⠇⠕⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠠⠃⠁⠉⠓⠑⠇⠕⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠠⠎⠥⠗⠛⠑⠗⠽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠲⠠⠧⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠶⠠⠃⠑⠁⠞⠁ ⠀⠠⠧⠊⠗⠛⠕⠶⠀⠠⠃⠇⠑⠎⠎⠑⠙⠀⠠⠧⠊⠗⠛⠊⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠉⠁⠝⠞⠁⠃⠲
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.