Library / Philosophy / Essays on the Materialistic Conception of History / Braille
Essays on the Materialistic Conception of History ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
297,561 braille cells · 315 embossed pages at 40×25 · 253 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠎⠽⠌⠑⠍⠁⠞⠊⠵⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠁⠋⠞⠻⠀⠎⠑⠧⠻⠁⠇⠀⠧⠁⠔⠀⠁⠞⠞⠑⠍⠏⠞⠎ ⠀⠭⠀⠞⠗⠊⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠑⠇⠊⠍⠔⠁⠞⠑⠀⠇⠕⠛⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠵⠀⠴⠀⠮⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑ ⠀⠾⠀⠠⠗⠊⠉⠜⠙⠕⠀⠔⠀⠦⠀⠌⠗⠥⠛⠛⠇⠑⠀⠁⠛⠁⠔⠌⠀⠮⠀⠊⠝⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠋⠀ ⠇⠯⠀⠗⠢⠞⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀⠃⠑⠛⠔⠝⠬⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠝⠔⠑⠞⠑⠢⠹⠀⠉⠢⠞⠥⠗⠽⠀ ⠊⠎⠀⠍⠜⠅⠫⠀⠃⠽⠀⠧⠊⠕⠇⠢⠞⠀⠉⠗⠊⠎⠑⠎⠀⠯⠀⠃⠽⠀⠘⠹⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀ ⠇⠁⠃⠕⠗⠀⠍⠕⠧⠑⠍⠢⠞⠎⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠓⠀⠸⠮⠀⠊⠍⠍⠫⠊⠁⠞⠑⠀⠕⠗⠊⠛⠔⠀⠔ ⠀⠮⠀⠙⠊⠌⠗⠑⠎⠎⠀⠁⠞⠞⠢⠙⠬⠀⠇⠕⠉⠅⠳⠞⠎⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠊⠙⠑⠁⠇⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀ ⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠀⠕⠗⠙⠻⠀⠊⠎⠀⠕⠧⠻⠹⠗⠪⠝⠲⠀⠠⠺⠑⠁⠇⠹⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀ ⠑⠝⠛⠢⠙⠻⠫⠀⠏⠕⠧⠻⠞⠽⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠊⠝⠙⠥⠌⠗⠽⠀⠔⠀⠡⠁⠝⠛⠬ ⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠎⠕⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠊⠝⠉⠗⠑⠁⠎⠫⠀ ⠧⠊⠉⠑⠎⠂⠀⠍⠁⠇⠁⠙⠊⠑⠎⠀⠯⠀⠎⠥⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠭⠀⠓⠁⠎⠂⠀⠔⠀ ⠁⠀⠘⠺⠂⠀⠉⠁⠥⠎⠫⠀⠙⠑⠛⠢⠻⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠏⠗⠕⠛⠗⠑⠎⠎⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀ ⠑⠝⠛⠢⠙⠻⠫⠀⠗⠑⠞⠗⠕⠛⠗⠑⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠱⠁⠞⠀⠍⠥⠌⠀⠃⠑⠀⠙⠕⠝⠑⠀ ⠞⠀⠏⠗⠕⠛⠗⠑⠎⠎⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠑⠝⠛⠢⠙⠻⠀⠝⠕⠹⠬⠀⠑⠇⠎⠑⠀⠃⠀ ⠏⠗⠕⠛⠗⠑⠎⠎⠂⠀⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠁⠽⠂⠀⠏⠗⠕⠎⠏⠻⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀⠓⠑⠁⠇⠹⠂ ⠀⠎⠑⠉⠥⠗⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀⠑⠙⠥⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠯⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠀ ⠙⠑⠧⠑⠇⠕⠏⠍⠢⠞⠀⠑⠟⠥⠁⠇⠀⠿⠀⠁⠇⠇⠦⠀⠠⠾⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠐⠟⠀⠠⠕⠺⠢⠀ ⠊⠎⠀⠱⠕⠇⠇⠽⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠻⠝⠫⠀⠯⠀⠓⠑⠀⠩⠜⠑⠎⠀⠾⠀⠠⠋⠳⠗⠊⠻⠀⠯⠀ ⠠⠎⠁⠔⠞⠀⠠⠎⠊⠍⠕⠝⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠡⠜⠁⠉⠞⠻⠊⠌⠊⠉⠀⠞⠀⠓⠑⠀⠝⠕⠀ ⠇⠕⠝⠛⠻⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠇⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠑⠇⠋⠤⠎⠁⠉⠗⠊⠋⠊⠉⠑⠀⠯⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠗⠑⠇⠊⠛⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠯⠀⠞⠀⠓⠑⠀⠺⠊⠩⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠗⠑⠎⠕⠇⠧⠑⠀⠯⠀ ⠎⠥⠗⠍⠳⠝⠞⠀⠮⠀⠎⠕⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀⠁⠝⠞⠊⠮⠎⠑⠎⠀⠾⠳⠞⠀⠙⠊⠍⠔⠊⠩⠬⠀⠮⠀ ⠞⠑⠡⠝⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠯⠀⠊⠝⠙⠥⠌⠗⠊⠁⠇⠀⠑⠝⠻⠛⠽⠀⠷⠀⠍⠁⠝⠂⠀⠃⠀⠗⠀⠞⠕ ⠀⠊⠝⠉⠗⠑⠁⠎⠑⠀⠹⠊⠎⠲⠀⠠⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠃⠽⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠗⠕⠁⠙⠀⠞⠀⠠⠕⠺⠢⠀ ⠃⠑⠉⠁⠍⠑⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠥⠝⠊⠌⠀⠯⠀⠓⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠮⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠱⠕⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.