Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / Scientific American magazine Vol 2. No. 3 Oct 10 1846 / Braille

Scientific American magazine Vol 2. No. 3 Oct 10 1846 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

121,851 braille cells · 129 embossed pages at 40×25 · 370 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠃⠗⠊⠉⠅⠂⠀⠁⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠉⠕⠧⠑⠗⠎⠀⠉⠇⠁⠽⠂⠀
⠁⠏⠏⠁⠗⠑⠝⠞⠇⠽⠀⠏⠑⠗⠋⠑⠉⠞⠇⠽⠀⠙⠗⠽⠂⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠁⠞⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠛⠇⠕⠎⠎⠽⠀⠍⠕⠊⠎⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠗⠁⠊⠎⠑⠙⠀⠁⠃⠕⠧⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠥⠗⠋⠁⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠏⠁⠗⠁⠇⠇⠑⠇⠀⠇⠑⠧⠑⠗⠎⠂
⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠀⠙⠑⠇⠊⠧⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠕⠧⠑⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠃⠑⠝⠉⠓⠀
⠕⠗⠀⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠃⠽⠀⠎⠑⠇⠋⠤⠁⠉⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠍⠁⠉⠓⠊⠝⠑⠗⠽⠂⠀
⠺⠓⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠃⠁⠗⠗⠕⠺⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠞⠁⠉⠅⠑⠗⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠅⠊⠇⠝⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠗⠽⠀⠉⠇⠁⠽⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠎⠓⠕⠧⠑⠇⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠓⠕⠏⠏⠑⠗⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠋⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠞⠑⠗⠊⠁⠇⠀⠊⠎⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠍⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠎⠑⠗⠧⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠀⠁⠀⠃⠗⠊⠉⠅⠂⠀⠁⠀⠅⠝⠊⠋⠑⠀
⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠗⠁⠝⠛⠑⠎⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠗⠋⠁⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠍⠕⠥⠇⠙⠂⠀⠎⠓⠁⠧⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠗⠏⠇⠥⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠺⠕⠀
⠓⠁⠝⠙⠎⠀⠎⠓⠕⠧⠑⠇⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠞⠁⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠋⠂⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠁⠗⠗⠕⠺⠂⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠊⠞⠥⠞⠑⠀⠁⠀⠛⠁⠝⠛
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠋⠊⠧⠑⠀⠏⠑⠗⠎⠕⠝⠎⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠞⠥⠗⠝⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀
⠼⠉⠚⠂⠚⠚⠚⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠉⠑⠂⠚⠚⠚⠀⠏⠑⠗⠀⠙⠁⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠑⠝⠀⠓⠕⠥⠗⠎⠲
⠀⠠⠁⠎⠀⠃⠗⠊⠉⠅⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠗⠎⠄⠀⠙⠁⠽⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠎⠥⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠎⠥⠝⠂⠀⠎⠁⠽⠀⠞⠺⠑⠇⠧⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠓⠕⠥⠗⠎⠀⠏⠑⠗⠀⠙⠁⠽⠂⠀
⠙⠥⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠑⠁⠎⠕⠝⠂⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠼⠙⠋⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠑⠚⠂⠚⠚⠚⠀
⠃⠗⠊⠉⠅⠎⠂⠀⠏⠑⠗⠀⠙⠁⠽⠂⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠃⠽⠀⠁⠀⠎⠊⠝⠛⠇⠑
⠀⠍⠁⠉⠓⠊⠝⠑⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠊⠎⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠃⠽⠀⠝⠕⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠎
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠞⠀⠋⠑⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠧⠑⠝⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠗⠙⠊⠝⠁⠗⠽⠀⠍⠕⠙⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠍⠁⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠃⠗⠊⠉⠅⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠝⠥⠋⠁⠉⠞⠥⠗⠑⠗⠀⠉⠁⠝⠝⠕⠞⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.