Library / Physics / Pioneers of Science / Braille
Pioneers of Science ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.
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554,755 braille cells · 579 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,709 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠹⠗⠕⠝⠑⠂⠀⠵⠀⠠⠥⠗⠃⠁⠝⠀⠠⠠⠧⠊⠊⠊⠲⠂⠀⠠⠉⠜⠙⠔⠁⠇⠀ ⠠⠃⠜⠃⠻⠔⠕⠂⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠷⠀⠧⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠻⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀ ⠑⠝⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠢⠍⠢⠞⠂⠀⠯⠀⠁⠀⠏⠻⠎⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀⠋⠗⠊⠢⠙⠀⠷⠀ ⠠⠛⠁⠇⠊⠇⠑⠕⠄⠎⠂⠀⠎⠀⠞⠀⠃⠕⠹⠀⠓⠑⠀⠯⠀⠦⠀⠙⠁⠥⠛⠓⠞⠻⠎⠀ ⠗⠑⠚⠕⠊⠉⠑⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠇⠽⠂⠀⠯⠀⠓⠕⠏⠑⠀⠞⠀⠹⠬⠎⠀⠺⠀⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠁⠇⠇ ⠀⠐⠗⠂⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀⠿⠃⠊⠙⠙⠬⠀⠑⠙⠊⠉⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠾⠙⠗⠁⠺⠝⠲⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀⠽⠑⠜ ⠀⠁⠋⠞⠻⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠝⠁⠛⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠀ ⠁⠝⠕⠮⠗⠀⠚⠳⠗⠝⠑⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠗⠕⠍⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠊⠍⠢⠞⠀⠦⠀ ⠋⠗⠊⠢⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀⠦⠀⠑⠇⠑⠧⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠠⠏⠕⠝⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀ ⠡⠁⠊⠗⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀⠸⠓⠀⠸⠍⠀⠞⠁⠇⠅⠎⠀⠾⠀⠠⠥⠗⠃⠁⠝⠂⠀⠯⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀ ⠓⠊⠍⠎⠑⠇⠋⠀⠧⠀⠁⠛⠗⠑⠑⠁⠃⠇⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠥⠗⠃⠁⠝⠀⠺⠗⠕⠞⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀ ⠠⠛⠗⠯⠀⠠⠙⠥⠅⠑⠀⠠⠋⠻⠙⠔⠯⠂⠀⠎⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠠⠉⠕⠎⠍⠕⠒⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠿⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀⠋⠔⠙⠀⠔⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠝⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠇⠊⠞⠻⠜⠽⠀⠙⠊⠌⠔⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝ ⠀⠃⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠇⠕⠧⠑⠀⠷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠏⠊⠑⠞⠽⠂⠀⠯⠀⠓⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠌⠗⠕⠝⠛ ⠀⠔⠀⠘⠹⠀⠟⠥⠁⠇⠊⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠃⠽⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠠⠏⠕⠝⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠛⠕⠕⠙⠀ ⠺⠀⠊⠎⠀⠑⠁⠎⠊⠇⠽⠀⠕⠃⠞⠁⠔⠁⠃⠇⠑⠲⠀⠠⠯⠀⠝⠪⠂⠀⠱⠢⠀⠓⠑⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀ ⠃⠑⠢⠀⠃⠗⠳⠛⠓⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠉⠊⠞⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠉⠕⠝⠛⠗⠁⠞⠥⠇⠁⠞⠑⠀⠠⠥⠀⠕⠝⠀⠠⠕⠥⠗⠀⠑⠇⠑⠧⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀⠓ ⠀⠧⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠕⠧⠬⠇⠽⠀⠑⠍⠃⠗⠁⠉⠫⠀⠓⠊⠍⠆⠀⠝⠕⠗⠀⠉⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀ ⠎⠥⠋⠋⠻⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠞⠕⠀⠗⠑⠞⠥⠗⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠉⠳⠝⠞⠗⠽⠀ ⠱⠊⠮⠗⠀⠽⠳⠗⠀⠇⠊⠃⠻⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠗⠑⠉⠁⠇⠇⠎⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠾⠳⠞⠀⠁⠝⠀ ⠁⠍⠏⠇⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠊⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠠⠏⠕⠝⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠇⠕⠧⠑⠲ ⠀⠠⠯⠀⠞⠀⠽⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠐⠅⠀⠓⠪⠀⠙⠑⠜⠀⠓⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠥⠂⠀ ⠠⠺⠑⠀⠓⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠓⠕⠝⠳⠗⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀ ⠞⠑⠌⠊⠍⠕⠝⠊⠁⠇⠀⠷⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠧⠊⠗⠞⠥⠑⠀⠯⠀⠏⠊⠑⠞⠽⠲⠀⠠⠯⠀⠠⠺⠑
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.