Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Physics / Pioneers of Science / Braille

Pioneers of Science ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

554,755 braille cells · 579 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,709 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠧⠊⠎⠊⠞⠫⠀⠓⠊⠍⠂⠀⠯⠀⠐⠕⠀⠙⠁⠽⠂⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠎⠁⠊⠙⠂⠀⠓⠑⠜⠙⠀⠁⠀
⠇⠑⠎⠎⠕⠝⠀⠔⠀⠠⠑⠥⠉⠇⠊⠙⠀⠃⠑⠬⠀⠛⠊⠧⠢⠀⠃⠽⠀⠠⠗⠊⠉⠉⠊⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮
⠀⠏⠁⠛⠑⠎⠀⠱⠊⠇⠑⠀⠓⠑⠀⠌⠕⠕⠙⠀⠕⠥⠞⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠮⠀⠙⠕⠕⠗⠀
⠑⠝⠞⠗⠁⠝⠉⠫⠲⠀⠠⠁⠝⠽⠓⠪⠀⠓⠑⠀⠊⠍⠏⠇⠕⠗⠫⠀⠠⠗⠊⠉⠉⠊⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠓⠑⠇⠏⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠐⠎⠀⠅⠀⠷⠀⠍⠁⠮⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀⠕⠇⠙⠀
⠍⠁⠝⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠬⠇⠽⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠢⠞⠫⠲⠀⠠⠎⠀⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠌⠻⠫⠀⠠⠑⠥⠉⠇⠊⠙
⠀⠯⠀⠏⠁⠎⠎⠫⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠁⠗⠡⠊⠍⠫⠑⠎⠂⠀⠿⠀⠱⠕⠍⠀⠓⠑⠀
⠁⠉⠟⠥⠊⠗⠫⠀⠁⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠧⠢⠻⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠠⠦⠀⠋⠁⠮⠗⠀⠎⠕⠕⠝⠀
⠓⠑⠜⠙⠀⠷⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠕⠃⠝⠕⠭⠊⠳⠎⠀⠏⠗⠕⠉⠇⠊⠧⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀⠯⠀⠙⠊⠙⠀
⠱⠁⠞⠀⠓⠑⠀⠉⠳⠇⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠙⠊⠧⠻⠞⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠃⠁⠉⠅⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠫⠊⠉⠔⠑⠀
⠁⠛⠁⠔⠲⠀⠠⠃⠀⠭⠀⠴⠀⠝⠕⠀⠥⠎⠑⠲⠀⠠⠥⠝⠙⠻⠝⠑⠁⠹⠀⠦⠀⠠⠛⠁⠇⠢⠀⠯
⠀⠠⠓⠊⠏⠏⠕⠉⠗⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠶⠀⠎⠑⠉⠗⠑⠞⠫⠀⠉⠕⠏⠊⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠠⠑⠥⠉⠇⠊⠙
⠀⠯⠀⠠⠁⠗⠡⠊⠍⠫⠑⠎⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠌⠥⠙⠊⠫⠀⠁⠞⠀⠑⠀⠁⠧⠁⠊⠇⠁⠃⠇⠑
⠀⠕⠏⠏⠕⠗⠞⠥⠝⠊⠞⠽⠲⠀⠠⠕⠇⠙⠀⠠⠧⠔⠉⠢⠵⠕⠀⠏⠻⠉⠑⠊⠧⠫⠀⠮⠀⠃⠢⠞
⠀⠷⠀⠛⠢⠊⠥⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠞⠕⠕⠀⠌⠗⠕⠝⠛⠀⠿⠀⠓⠊⠍⠂⠀⠯⠀⠁⠞⠀⠇⠁⠌
⠀⠛⠁⠧⠑⠀⠺⠁⠽⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠇⠇⠥⠌⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠒⠀⠠⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀
⠼⠉⠋⠲⠤⠤⠠⠞⠺⠕⠀⠿⠍⠎⠀⠷⠀⠏⠥⠇⠎⠊⠇⠕⠛⠽⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠌⠗⠬⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠺⠳⠝⠙⠀⠥⠏⠀⠞⠊⠇⠇⠀⠮⠀⠎⠺⠬⠬⠀⠺⠑⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠅⠑⠑⠏⠎⠀⠐⠞⠀⠾⠀⠮⠀
⠏⠥⠇⠎⠑⠂⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠁⠀⠃⠑⠁⠙⠀⠕⠗⠀⠷⠀⠁⠝⠀
⠊⠝⠙⠑⠭⠀⠉⠕⠝⠝⠑⠉⠞⠫⠀⠾⠀⠮⠀⠌⠗⠬⠀⠊⠎⠀⠮⠝⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀⠁⠀
⠎⠉⠁⠇⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠙⠊⠁⠇⠲⠀⠀⠠⠾⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠊⠛⠊⠳⠎⠀⠗⠁⠏⠊⠙⠊⠞⠽⠀⠮⠀
⠗⠑⠇⠑⠁⠎⠫⠀⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠻⠀⠝⠪⠀⠁⠎⠎⠊⠍⠊⠇⠁⠞⠫⠀⠮⠀
⠑⠇⠑⠍⠢⠞⠎⠀⠷⠀⠍⠁⠮⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠎⠀⠯⠀⠏⠓⠽⠎⠊⠉⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀⠁⠞⠀
⠞⠺⠢⠞⠽⠤⠎⠊⠭⠀⠺⠑⠀⠋⠔⠙⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠁⠏⠏⠕⠔⠞⠫⠀⠿⠀⠹⠗⠑⠑⠀⠽⠑⠜⠎
⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠠⠥⠝⠊⠧⠻⠎⠊⠞⠽⠀⠠⠡⠁⠊⠗⠀⠷⠀⠠⠍⠁⠮⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.