Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Physics / Pioneers of Science / Braille

Pioneers of Science ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

554,755 braille cells · 579 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,709 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠙⠑⠎⠏⠻⠁⠞⠑⠀⠯⠀⠛⠗⠕⠏⠬⠀⠑⠝⠙⠑⠁⠧⠳⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠗⠑⠉⠕⠝⠉⠊⠇⠑⠀
⠮⠕⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠾⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠁⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠀⠷⠀⠎⠥⠡⠀⠇⠁⠃⠳⠗⠂⠀
⠉⠗⠪⠝⠫⠀⠃⠽⠀⠹⠗⠑⠑⠀⠃⠗⠊⠇⠇⠊⠁⠝⠞⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠧⠻⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠮⠀⠸⠺
⠀⠕⠺⠑⠎⠀⠶⠯⠀⠞⠕⠕⠀⠇⠁⠞⠑⠀⠗⠑⠉⠕⠛⠝⠊⠵⠑⠎⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀
⠕⠃⠇⠊⠛⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠶⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠓⠜⠩⠇⠽⠀⠞⠗⠑⠁⠞⠫⠀⠠⠛⠻⠍⠁⠝⠀
⠛⠢⠊⠥⠎⠂⠀⠠⠅⠑⠏⠇⠻⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠎⠥⠍⠍⠜⠽⠀⠠⠠⠷⠀⠠⠠⠋⠁⠉⠞⠎⠀
⠠⠠⠿⠀⠠⠠⠇⠑⠉⠞⠥⠗⠑⠎⠀⠠⠠⠊⠧⠀⠠⠠⠯⠀⠠⠧⠀⠀⠀⠠⠔⠀⠼⠁⠑⠋⠙⠂⠀
⠠⠍⠊⠡⠁⠑⠇⠀⠠⠁⠝⠛⠑⠇⠕⠀⠙⠊⠫⠀⠯⠀⠠⠛⠁⠇⠊⠇⠑⠕⠀⠴⠀⠃⠕⠗⠝⠆⠀⠔
⠀⠼⠁⠋⠙⠃⠂⠀⠠⠛⠁⠇⠊⠇⠑⠕⠀⠙⠊⠫⠀⠯⠀⠠⠝⠑⠺⠞⠕⠝⠀⠴⠀⠃⠕⠗⠝⠲⠀
⠠⠍⠊⠇⠞⠕⠝⠀⠇⠊⠧⠫⠀⠋⠀⠼⠁⠋⠚⠓⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠁⠋⠛⠙⠲⠀⠀⠠⠿⠀⠞⠑⠁⠡⠬
⠀⠮⠀⠏⠇⠥⠗⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠺⠕⠗⠇⠙⠎⠂⠀⠾⠀⠕⠮⠗⠀⠓⠑⠞⠻⠕⠙⠕⠭⠀
⠙⠕⠉⠞⠗⠔⠑⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀⠗⠑⠋⠥⠎⠬⠀⠞⠕⠀⠗⠑⠉⠁⠝⠞⠂⠀⠠⠃⠗⠥⠝⠕⠂⠀
⠁⠋⠞⠻⠀⠎⠊⠭⠀⠽⠑⠜⠎⠄⠀⠊⠍⠏⠗⠊⠎⠕⠝⠍⠢⠞⠀⠔⠀⠠⠗⠕⠍⠑⠂⠀⠴⠀
⠃⠥⠗⠝⠞⠀⠁⠞⠀⠮⠀⠌⠁⠅⠑⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠼⠁⠋⠹⠀⠷⠀⠠⠋⠑⠃⠗⠥⠜⠽⠂⠀
⠼⠁⠋⠚⠚⠀⠠⠁⠲⠠⠙⠲⠀⠠⠁⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠀⠙⠑⠁⠹⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀
⠙⠥⠝⠛⠑⠕⠝⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠠⠊⠝⠟⠥⠊⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠎⠁⠧⠫⠀⠠⠁⠝⠞⠕⠝⠊⠕⠀
⠙⠑⠀⠠⠙⠕⠍⠔⠊⠎⠂⠀⠮⠀⠑⠭⠏⠇⠁⠔⠻⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠗⠁⠔⠃⠪⠂⠀⠋⠀⠮⠀
⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠋⠁⠞⠑⠂⠀⠃⠀⠦⠀⠃⠕⠙⠽⠀⠯⠀⠃⠕⠕⠅⠎⠀⠶⠀⠏⠥⠃⠇⠊⠉⠇⠽⠀
⠃⠥⠗⠝⠫⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠗⠕⠍⠑⠀⠔⠀⠼⠁⠋⠃⠙⠲⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀⠏⠻⠎⠑⠉⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷
⠀⠠⠛⠁⠇⠊⠇⠑⠕⠀⠃⠑⠛⠁⠝⠀⠔⠀⠼⠁⠋⠁⠑⠂⠀⠃⠑⠉⠁⠍⠑⠀⠊⠝⠞⠢⠎⠑⠀⠔
⠀⠼⠁⠋⠉⠃⠂⠀⠯⠀⠎⠀⠇⠁⠌⠫⠀⠞⠊⠇⠇⠀⠦⠀⠙⠑⠁⠹⠀⠯⠀⠁⠋⠞⠻⠲⠀⠀⠔⠔
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀
⠠⠛⠁⠇⠊⠇⠑⠕⠀⠠⠛⠁⠇⠊⠇⠑⠊⠂⠀⠑⠇⠙⠑⠌⠀⠎⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠠⠧⠔⠉⠢⠵⠕⠀
⠙⠑⠀⠠⠃⠕⠝⠁⠚⠥⠞⠊⠀⠙⠑⠀⠠⠛⠁⠇⠊⠇⠑⠊⠂⠀⠁⠀⠝⠕⠃⠇⠑⠀
⠠⠋⠇⠕⠗⠢⠞⠔⠑⠂⠀⠴⠀⠃⠕⠗⠝⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠏⠊⠎⠁⠂⠀⠼⠁⠓⠹⠀⠷⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.