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Pioneers of Science ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

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667,740 braille cells · 703 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,709 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠏⠑⠗⠎⠥⠁⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠗⠊⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠀⠛⠕⠇⠙⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠏⠗⠑⠉⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠍⠑⠞⠁⠇⠎⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠃⠽⠀⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠕⠇⠙⠀
⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠑⠗⠎⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝
⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠺⠁⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠑⠁⠧⠑⠝⠇⠽⠀⠃⠕⠙⠊⠑⠎⠒⠀⠎⠊⠇⠧⠑⠗
⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠕⠝⠂⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠤⠤⠁⠎⠀⠺⠑⠀⠎⠞⠊⠇⠇⠀
⠎⠑⠑⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠁⠍⠑⠀⠇⠥⠝⠁⠗⠀⠉⠁⠥⠎⠞⠊⠉⠀⠁⠏⠏⠇⠊⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕
⠀⠝⠊⠞⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠊⠇⠧⠑⠗⠆⠀⠛⠕⠇⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠝⠂⠀
⠉⠕⠏⠏⠑⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠍⠁⠗⠎⠂⠀⠇⠑⠁⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠎⠁⠞⠥⠗⠝⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠝⠉⠑
⠀⠁⠎⠞⠗⠕⠝⠕⠍⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠇⠉⠓⠑⠍⠽⠀⠕⠋⠞⠑⠝⠀⠺⠑⠝⠞⠀
⠞⠕⠛⠑⠞⠓⠑⠗⠲⠀⠠⠞⠽⠉⠓⠕⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠀⠉⠕⠍⠃⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀⠁
⠀⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠁⠇⠉⠓⠑⠍⠽⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠁⠎⠞⠗⠕⠝⠕⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀
⠇⠁⠃⠕⠥⠗⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠑⠙⠀⠁⠀⠺⠕⠝⠙⠑⠗⠋⠥⠇⠀
⠏⠁⠞⠑⠝⠞⠀⠍⠑⠙⠊⠉⠊⠝⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠥⠗⠑⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠙⠊⠎⠕⠗⠙⠑⠗⠎⠂⠀
⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠺⠊⠙⠑⠀⠁⠀⠉⠊⠗⠉⠥⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠠⠑⠥⠗⠕⠏⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠠⠓⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠁⠽⠄⠎⠀
⠏⠊⠇⠇⠎⠆⠀⠓⠑⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠎⠀⠁⠀⠞⠗⠑⠍⠑⠝⠙⠕⠥⠎⠀⠗⠑⠉⠑⠊⠏⠞⠀⠋⠕⠗
⠀⠊⠞⠂⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠇⠊⠟⠥⠊⠙⠀⠛⠕⠇⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠍⠁⠝⠝⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠊⠝⠛⠗⠑⠙⠊⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠊⠞⠆⠀⠁⠍⠕⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀
⠕⠉⠉⠥⠗⠎⠀⠁⠀⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠁⠝⠞⠊⠍⠕⠝⠽⠤⠤⠁⠀⠺⠑⠇⠇⠤⠅⠝⠕⠺⠝⠀
⠎⠥⠙⠕⠗⠊⠋⠊⠉⠤⠤⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠂⠀⠝⠕⠀⠙⠕⠥⠃⠞⠂⠀
⠺⠓⠁⠞⠑⠧⠑⠗⠀⠑⠋⠋⠊⠉⠁⠉⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠑⠙⠊⠉⠊⠝⠑⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠑⠎⠎⠑⠙
⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠙⠥⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠎⠕⠀⠓⠑⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠛⠕⠝⠑⠀⠕⠝⠀
⠺⠁⠎⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠂⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠊⠞⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠠⠝⠕⠧⠑⠍⠃⠑⠗⠂⠀⠼⠁⠑⠛⠃⠂⠀⠁⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠎⠞⠁⠗⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀
⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠁⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠙⠕⠝⠑⠀

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