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Are the Effects of Use and Disuse Inherited? ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

162,217 braille cells · 173 embossed pages at 40×25 · 745 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠎⠥⠏⠏⠕⠗⠞⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺⠎⠀⠃⠽⠀⠠⠺⠁⠇⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠠⠙⠁⠗⠺⠊⠝⠊⠎⠍⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠁⠙⠕⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠃⠽
⠀⠠⠗⠁⠽⠀⠠⠇⠁⠝⠅⠑⠎⠞⠑⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠁⠗⠞⠊⠉⠇⠑⠀⠕⠝⠀
⠠⠵⠕⠕⠇⠕⠛⠽⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠁⠞⠑⠎⠞⠀⠑⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠠⠑⠝⠉⠽⠉⠇⠕⠏⠁⠑⠙⠊⠁⠀⠠⠃⠗⠊⠞⠁⠝⠝⠊⠉⠁⠲⠀⠠⠎⠕⠀⠎⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠁⠥⠞⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀⠊⠝⠧⠑⠎⠞⠊⠛⠁⠞⠕⠗⠀⠁⠎⠀⠠⠋⠗⠁⠝⠉⠊⠎
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⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠁⠉⠟⠥⠊⠗⠑⠙⠀⠍⠕⠙⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠃⠁⠗⠑⠇⠽⠂⠀
⠊⠋⠀⠁⠞⠀⠁⠇⠇⠂⠀⠊⠝⠓⠑⠗⠊⠞⠑⠙⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠗⠗⠑⠉⠞⠀
⠎⠑⠝⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠕⠗⠙⠲⠀⠀⠠⠙⠁⠗⠺⠊⠝⠄⠎⠀⠃⠑⠇⠊⠑⠋⠀⠊⠝
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⠺⠁⠎⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠓⠑⠗⠑⠙⠊⠞⠁⠗⠽⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠋⠁⠍⠊⠇⠽⠲⠀⠠⠓⠊⠎⠀⠛⠗⠁⠝⠙⠋⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠂⠀⠠⠑⠗⠁⠎⠍⠥⠎⠀
⠠⠙⠁⠗⠺⠊⠝⠂⠀⠁⠝⠞⠊⠉⠊⠏⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠠⠇⠁⠍⠁⠗⠉⠅⠄⠎⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺⠎⠀⠊⠝
⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠠⠵⠕⠕⠝⠕⠍⠊⠁⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠠⠙⠁⠗⠺⠊⠝⠀⠁⠞⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀
⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠇⠽⠀⠁⠙⠍⠊⠗⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠓⠊⠎⠀⠋⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠧⠊⠝⠉⠑⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠝⠓⠑⠗⠊⠞⠑⠙⠀⠑⠧⠊⠇⠀⠑⠋⠋⠑⠉⠞⠎⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠁⠇⠉⠕⠓⠕⠇⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠑⠭⠞⠑⠝⠞⠀⠁⠞⠀⠇⠑⠁⠎⠞⠀
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⠊⠝⠓⠑⠗⠊⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠉⠟⠥⠊⠗⠑⠙⠀⠉⠓⠁⠗⠁⠉⠞⠑⠗⠎⠀⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀
⠓⠊⠎⠀⠉⠓⠊⠇⠙⠗⠑⠝⠄⠎⠀⠍⠊⠝⠙⠎⠲⠼⠁⠋⠀⠠⠙⠁⠗⠺⠊⠝⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀
⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠊⠍⠃⠥⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠠⠇⠁⠍⠁⠗⠉⠅⠊⠁⠝⠀
⠊⠙⠑⠁⠎⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠎⠕⠥⠗⠉⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠇⠞⠓⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠠⠙⠗⠲⠀
⠠⠛⠗⠁⠝⠞⠄⠎⠀⠑⠝⠞⠓⠥⠎⠊⠁⠎⠞⠊⠉⠀⠁⠙⠧⠕⠉⠁⠉⠽⠀⠑⠝⠞⠊⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀
⠋⠁⠊⠇⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠕⠝⠧⠑⠗⠞⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠃⠑⠇⠊⠑⠋⠀⠊⠝⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.