Library / Philosophy / Are the Effects of Use and Disuse Inherited? / Braille
Are the Effects of Use and Disuse Inherited? ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
162,217 braille cells · 173 embossed pages at 40×25 · 745 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠑⠙⠂⠀⠉⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀ ⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠽⠀⠁⠋⠋⠑⠉⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠇⠑⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠋⠑⠗⠞⠊⠇⠑⠀ ⠋⠑⠍⠁⠇⠑⠎⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠁⠇⠕⠝⠑⠀⠇⠑⠁⠧⠑⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀ ⠙⠑⠎⠉⠑⠝⠙⠁⠝⠞⠎⠲⠀⠠⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠎⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠍⠕⠙⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀ ⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠗⠑⠍⠁⠗⠅⠎⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠽⠀ ⠃⠑⠀⠝⠑⠑⠙⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠑⠑⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠊⠞⠊⠕⠥⠎ ⠀⠟⠥⠑⠑⠝⠎⠂⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠶⠏⠗⠕⠃⠁⠃⠇⠽⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠑⠁⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀ ⠏⠁⠗⠞⠊⠉⠇⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠕⠽⠁⠇⠀⠋⠕⠕⠙⠶⠀⠃⠑⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀ ⠉⠁⠏⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠀⠋⠑⠺⠀⠍⠁⠇⠑⠀⠑⠛⠛⠎⠲⠀⠀ ⠼⠁⠃⠀⠠⠙⠑⠎⠉⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠍⠁⠝⠂⠀⠏⠏⠲⠀⠼⠑⠛⠉⠂⠀⠼⠑⠛⠃⠂⠀ ⠁⠝⠙⠀⠋⠕⠕⠞⠝⠕⠞⠑⠲⠀⠀⠼⠁⠉⠀⠠⠉⠕⠝⠞⠑⠍⠏⠕⠗⠁⠗⠽⠀ ⠠⠗⠑⠧⠊⠑⠺⠂⠀⠠⠙⠑⠉⠑⠍⠃⠑⠗⠂⠀⠼⠁⠓⠛⠑⠂⠀⠏⠲⠀⠼⠊⠃⠲⠀⠀⠼⠁⠙⠀ ⠠⠎⠑⠑⠀⠠⠕⠗⠊⠛⠊⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠏⠏⠲⠀⠼⠑⠤⠓⠲⠀ ⠠⠉⠓⠁⠝⠛⠑⠙⠀⠉⠕⠝⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠊⠝⠙⠥⠉⠑⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠇⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀ ⠊⠝⠙⠑⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠑⠀⠁⠍⠕⠥⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠋⠇⠥⠉⠞⠥⠁⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀ ⠧⠁⠗⠊⠁⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀⠃⠽⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠓⠕⠇⠑⠀ ⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠊⠵⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀⠗⠑⠝⠙⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠙⠑⠛⠗⠑⠑⠀ ⠏⠇⠁⠎⠞⠊⠉⠀⠶⠠⠙⠑⠎⠉⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠍⠁⠝⠂⠀⠏⠲⠀⠼⠉⠚⠶⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀ ⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠉⠕⠝⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠥⠃⠕⠗⠙⠊⠝⠁⠞⠑⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀ ⠊⠝⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠗⠊⠎⠕⠝⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠊⠎⠍⠀⠊⠝⠀⠙⠑⠞⠑⠗⠍⠊⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠑⠁⠉⠓⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠊⠉⠥⠇⠁⠗⠀ ⠋⠕⠗⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠧⠁⠗⠊⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠆⠤⠤⠏⠑⠗⠓⠁⠏⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀ ⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠏⠁⠗⠅⠂ ⠀⠃⠽⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠎⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠕⠍⠃⠥⠎⠞⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠍⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.