Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Engineering & Technology / The American Type of Isthmian Canal / Braille

The American Type of Isthmian Canal ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

98,626 braille cells · 105 embossed pages at 40×25 · 146 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠺⠀⠃⠑⠀⠕⠏⠻⠁⠞⠫⠀⠃⠽⠀⠇⠕⠉⠅⠎⠀⠕⠗⠀⠛⠁⠞⠑⠎⠂⠀⠯⠂⠀⠠⠊⠀
⠏⠗⠑⠎⠥⠍⠑⠂⠀⠮⠀⠐⠟⠀⠷⠀⠑⠜⠹⠟⠥⠁⠅⠑⠎⠀⠕⠗⠀⠑⠜⠹⠀
⠍⠕⠧⠑⠍⠢⠞⠎⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠝⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠗⠁⠊⠎⠫⠀⠔⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀
⠗⠑⠏⠕⠗⠞⠎⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠓⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠗⠑⠛⠜⠙⠬⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀
⠥⠝⠙⠻⠞⠁⠅⠬⠲⠀⠠⠑⠜⠹⠟⠥⠁⠅⠑⠎⠀⠿⠍⠻⠇⠽⠀⠶⠀⠟⠀⠋⠗⠑⠟⠥⠢⠞⠀⠔
⠀⠠⠝⠑⠺⠀⠠⠑⠝⠛⠇⠯⠂⠀⠯⠀⠮⠽⠀⠑⠭⠞⠢⠙⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠝⠑⠺⠀⠠⠽⠕⠗⠅⠀
⠙⠥⠗⠬⠀⠮⠀⠑⠜⠇⠽⠀⠽⠑⠜⠎⠀⠷⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠓⠊⠌⠕⠗⠽⠂⠀⠯⠀⠿⠀⠁⠀⠐⠞⠀
⠠⠃⠕⠌⠕⠝⠀⠯⠀⠠⠝⠑⠺⠃⠥⠗⠽⠂⠀⠠⠍⠁⠎⠎⠲⠂⠀⠠⠙⠑⠻⠋⠊⠑⠇⠙⠂⠀
⠠⠝⠲⠠⠓⠲⠂⠀⠯⠀⠏⠜⠞⠊⠉⠥⠇⠜⠇⠽⠀⠠⠑⠁⠌⠀⠠⠓⠁⠙⠙⠁⠍⠂⠀
⠠⠉⠕⠝⠝⠲⠂⠀⠶⠀⠮⠀⠉⠢⠞⠻⠎⠀⠷⠀⠎⠑⠊⠎⠍⠊⠉⠀⠁⠉⠞⠊⠧⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀
⠱⠊⠡⠀⠃⠽⠀⠊⠝⠋⠻⠢⠉⠑⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠥⠎⠫⠀⠵⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠗⠛⠥⠍⠢⠞
⠀⠁⠛⠁⠔⠌⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠝⠁⠧⠽⠤⠽⠜⠙⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠏⠕⠗⠞⠎⠍⠳⠹⠂⠀
⠠⠝⠲⠠⠓⠲⠂⠀⠯⠀⠠⠡⠜⠇⠑⠌⠪⠝⠂⠀⠠⠍⠁⠎⠎⠲⠂⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠞⠕⠗⠏⠫⠕⠀
⠌⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠝⠑⠺⠏⠕⠗⠞⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠮⠀⠿⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠁⠞
⠀⠠⠺⠊⠇⠇⠑⠞⠎⠀⠠⠏⠕⠔⠞⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠑⠜⠹⠟⠥⠁⠅⠑⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠙⠑⠌⠗⠕⠽⠫
⠀⠠⠇⠊⠎⠃⠕⠝⠀⠔⠀⠼⠁⠛⠑⠑⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠾⠀⠑⠟⠥⠁⠇⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠗⠊⠑⠞⠽
⠀⠃⠑⠀⠥⠎⠫⠀⠵⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠗⠛⠥⠍⠢⠞⠀⠁⠛⠁⠔⠌⠀⠮⠀⠃⠥⠊⠇⠙⠬⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀
⠑⠭⠞⠢⠎⠊⠧⠑⠀⠙⠕⠉⠅⠎⠀⠯⠀⠿⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀
⠠⠛⠊⠃⠗⠁⠇⠞⠜⠂⠀⠃⠀⠝⠕⠀⠐⠕⠂⠀⠠⠊⠀⠹⠔⠅⠂⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠑⠧⠻⠀
⠟⠥⠑⠌⠊⠕⠝⠫⠀⠮⠀⠎⠕⠇⠊⠙⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠠⠗⠕⠉⠅⠲⠀⠀
⠠⠎⠑⠊⠎⠍⠕⠇⠕⠛⠽⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀⠧⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠑⠭⠀⠃⠗⠁⠝⠡⠀⠷⠀
⠛⠑⠕⠇⠕⠛⠊⠉⠀⠊⠝⠟⠥⠊⠗⠽⠀⠯⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀⠎⠥⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠀⠗⠑⠛⠜⠙⠬
⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠧⠀⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠷⠀⠙⠑⠞⠻⠍⠔⠬⠀⠧⠁⠇⠥⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠅⠝⠪⠝⠲⠀
⠠⠮⠕⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠓⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠉⠫⠀⠞⠀⠐⠥⠀⠉⠻⠞⠁⠔⠀
⠛⠑⠕⠇⠕⠛⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠉⠕⠝⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠑⠜⠹⠀⠍⠕⠧⠑⠍⠢⠞⠎⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.