Library / Engineering & Technology / The American Type of Isthmian Canal / Braille
The American Type of Isthmian Canal ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.
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98,626 braille cells · 105 embossed pages at 40×25 · 146 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠠⠥⠝⠊⠞⠫⠀⠠⠌⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠊⠝⠚⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠙⠑⠌⠗⠕⠽⠀⠮⠀ ⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠀⠕⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠻⠊⠳⠎⠇⠽⠀⠊⠝⠞⠻⠋⠻⠑⠀⠾⠀⠮⠀⠞⠗⠁⠋⠋⠊⠉⠀ ⠏⠁⠎⠎⠬⠀⠹⠗⠳⠛⠓⠀⠭⠲⠀⠠⠞⠕⠀⠙⠑⠌⠗⠕⠽⠀⠵⠀⠍⠥⠡⠀⠵⠀⠁⠀⠎⠬⠇⠑ ⠀⠇⠕⠉⠅⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠊⠝⠚⠥⠗⠑⠀⠵⠀⠍⠥⠡⠀⠵⠀⠁⠀⠎⠬⠇⠑⠀⠛⠁⠞⠑⠂⠀ ⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠻⠫⠀⠑⠟⠥⠁⠇⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠉⠞⠀⠷⠀⠺⠜⠀⠃⠽ ⠀⠑⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠻⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠑⠜⠹⠲⠀⠠⠔⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀ ⠎⠊⠍⠏⠇⠑⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠇⠊⠑⠎⠀⠁⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠻⠀⠁⠎⠎⠥⠗⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠷⠀ ⠎⠁⠋⠑⠞⠽⠀⠹⠁⠝⠀⠔⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠮⠀⠞⠗⠑⠁⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠃⠑ ⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠔⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠮⠀⠿⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀ ⠃⠑⠀⠑⠌⠁⠃⠇⠊⠩⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠏⠗⠕⠞⠑⠉⠞⠀⠮⠀⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠲⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀ ⠍⠁⠚⠕⠗⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠊⠞⠞⠑⠑⠀⠺⠑⠇⠇⠀⠎⠁⠽⠀⠔⠀⠸⠮⠀ ⠗⠑⠏⠕⠗⠞⠂⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠏⠪⠻⠀⠷⠀⠍⠊⠎⠡⠊⠑⠋⠀⠊⠎⠀⠾⠔⠀⠑⠁⠎⠽⠀ ⠗⠑⠁⠡⠀⠷⠀⠁⠇⠇⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠎⠎⠥⠍⠫⠀ ⠕⠉⠉⠥⠗⠗⠢⠉⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠧⠀⠗⠑⠍⠕⠞⠑⠀⠋⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠗⠑⠁⠎⠕⠝⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀ ⠏⠗⠕⠃⠁⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠲⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀⠓⠀⠞⠕⠀⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀⠘⠥⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠕⠺⠝⠀ ⠛⠕⠕⠙⠀⠋⠁⠊⠹⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀⠺⠁⠞⠡⠋⠥⠇⠀⠑⠽⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠷⠋⠊⠉⠻⠎⠲ ⠀⠠⠁⠛⠁⠔⠌⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠬⠢⠉⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠎⠥⠡⠀⠵⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀ ⠊⠍⠏⠇⠊⠫⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠁⠎⠎⠥⠍⠫⠀⠙⠑⠌⠗⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠇⠕⠉⠅⠎⠀ ⠃⠽⠀⠙⠽⠝⠁⠍⠊⠞⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠕⠮⠗⠀⠓⠊⠛⠓⠀⠑⠭⠏⠇⠕⠎⠊⠧⠑⠎⠂⠀⠺⠑⠀⠉ ⠀⠙⠀⠝⠕⠀⠍⠀⠹⠁⠝⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠀⠮⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠏⠗⠑⠉⠁⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀ ⠺⠑⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠀⠔⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠕⠮⠗⠀⠍⠁⠞⠞⠻⠎⠀⠷⠀⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀ ⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠲⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀⠓⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠡⠁⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠮⠀ ⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠵⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠕⠮⠗⠀⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠆⠀⠮⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠵⠀ ⠉⠕⠍⠍⠻⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀⠑⠝⠞⠻⠏⠗⠊⠎⠑⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠲⠀⠠⠉⠻⠞⠁⠔⠇⠽⠀⠮⠀ ⠗⠑⠍⠕⠞⠑⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠎⠥⠡⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠧⠢⠞⠂⠀⠮⠀⠌⠊⠇⠇
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.