Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Engineering & Technology / Steam, Its Generation and Use / Braille

Steam, Its Generation and Use ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

992,094 braille cells · 994 embossed pages at 40×25 · 50,927 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠺⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠁⠃⠕⠧⠑⠀⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠃⠑⠇⠕⠺⠀⠼⠃⠋⠚⠀⠏⠕⠥⠝⠙⠎⠂⠀⠠⠝⠕⠲⠀
⠼⠊⠀⠠⠃⠲⠀⠠⠺⠲⠀⠠⠛⠲⠀⠞⠥⠃⠑⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠎⠥⠏⠏⠇⠊⠑⠙⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠒⠀⠠⠊⠝⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠠⠓⠁⠝⠙⠓⠕⠇⠑⠀
⠠⠋⠊⠞⠞⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠠⠺⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠤⠎⠞⠑⠑⠇⠀⠠⠧⠑⠗⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀
⠠⠓⠑⠁⠙⠑⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠥⠃⠑⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠑⠭⠏⠁⠝⠙⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀
⠓⠑⠁⠙⠑⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠑⠗⠏⠑⠝⠞⠊⠝⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠎⠊⠝⠥⠕⠥⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠂⠀
⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠀⠙⠊⠎⠏⠕⠎⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠥⠃⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀⠎⠞⠁⠛⠛⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀
⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠁⠎⠎⠑⠍⠃⠇⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠑⠞⠑⠀⠀
⠃⠕⠊⠇⠑⠗⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠓⠑⠁⠙⠑⠗⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠀
⠎⠞⠑⠑⠇⠀⠕⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠁⠎⠞⠀⠊⠗⠕⠝⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛
⠀⠕⠗⠙⠊⠝⠁⠗⠊⠇⠽⠀⠎⠥⠏⠏⠇⠊⠑⠙⠀⠺⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀
⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠑⠭⠉⠑⠑⠙⠀⠀⠼⠁⠋⠚⠀⠏⠕⠥⠝⠙⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠑⠁⠙⠑⠗⠎⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀⠑⠊⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠧⠑⠗⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠕⠗⠀
⠊⠝⠉⠇⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠎⠓⠕⠺⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠧⠁⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀
⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠎⠎⠑⠍⠃⠇⠑⠙⠀⠃⠕⠊⠇⠑⠗⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠒⠀⠠⠺⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠤⠎⠞⠑⠑⠇⠀⠠⠧⠑⠗⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀
⠠⠓⠑⠁⠙⠑⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠕⠏⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠑⠀⠑⠁⠉⠓⠀⠞⠥⠃⠑⠀⠑⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠑⠁⠙⠑⠗⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠙⠀⠁⠀⠓⠁⠝⠙⠓⠕⠇⠑⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠀⠎⠥⠋⠋⠊⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠀⠎⠊⠵⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠏⠑⠗⠍⠊⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠉⠇⠑⠁⠝⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠗⠑⠍⠕⠧⠁⠇⠀⠕⠗⠀⠗⠑⠝⠑⠺⠁⠇⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠞⠥⠃⠑⠲⠀
⠠⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠕⠏⠑⠝⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠀⠎⠞⠑⠑⠇⠀
⠧⠑⠗⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠓⠑⠁⠙⠑⠗⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠑⠇⠇⠊⠏⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠊⠝⠀⠀
⠎⠓⠁⠏⠑⠂⠀⠍⠁⠉⠓⠊⠝⠑⠀⠋⠁⠉⠑⠙⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠍⠊⠇⠇⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀
⠞⠗⠥⠑⠀⠏⠇⠁⠝⠑⠀⠃⠁⠉⠅⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠙⠛⠑⠀⠁⠀⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.