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Library / Biochemistry / Old-Time Makers of Medicine / Braille

Old-Time Makers of Medicine ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

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772,363 braille cells · 821 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,669 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠓⠊⠛⠓⠝⠑⠎⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠕⠗⠙⠑⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠑⠝⠙
⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠞⠕⠀⠽⠕⠥⠗⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀⠉⠁⠗⠑⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀⠓⠁⠝⠙⠇⠑⠎⠀
⠏⠁⠞⠊⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠎⠅⠊⠇⠇⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠃⠗⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀
⠁⠃⠕⠥⠞⠀⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠉⠥⠗⠑⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠙⠊⠎⠞⠊⠝⠛⠥⠊⠎⠓⠑⠙⠀
⠠⠉⠓⠗⠊⠎⠞⠊⠁⠝⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠑⠗⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠉⠓⠕⠇⠁⠗⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠠⠋⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠉⠓⠥⠗⠉⠓⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀
⠉⠑⠝⠞⠥⠗⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠑⠧⠊⠙⠑⠝⠞⠇⠽⠀⠏⠁⠊⠙⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠁⠞⠞⠑⠝⠞⠊⠕⠝
⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠑⠙⠊⠉⠊⠝⠑⠲⠀⠠⠞⠑⠗⠞⠥⠇⠇⠊⠁⠝⠀⠎⠏⠑⠁⠅⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠍⠑⠙⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠊⠎⠞⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠽⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠗⠑⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠑⠙⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠙⠕⠉⠞⠗⠊⠝⠑⠎⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠥⠎⠎⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠞⠊⠍⠑⠲⠀⠠⠇⠁⠉⠞⠁⠝⠞⠊⠥⠎⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠂⠀⠠⠙⠑⠀
⠠⠕⠏⠊⠋⠊⠉⠊⠕⠀⠠⠙⠑⠊⠂⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠁⠽⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀
⠗⠑⠛⠁⠗⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠥⠍⠁⠝⠀⠃⠕⠙⠽⠀⠁⠎⠀⠗⠑⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠊⠝⠛
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠊⠞⠽⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠙⠑⠎⠊⠛⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠉⠗⠑⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀
⠠⠓⠊⠎⠀⠞⠑⠇⠑⠕⠇⠕⠛⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠁⠗⠛⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀
⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠉⠑⠀⠝⠕⠺⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀
⠋⠕⠗⠀⠏⠑⠕⠏⠇⠑⠀⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠞⠺⠑⠝⠞⠽⠀⠽⠑⠁⠗⠎⠀⠁⠛⠕⠲⠀
⠠⠺⠑⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠃⠁⠉⠅⠀⠞⠕⠀⠗⠑⠉⠕⠛⠝⠊⠵⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠑⠇⠑⠕⠇⠕⠛⠽⠲⠀⠠⠉⠇⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠠⠁⠇⠑⠭⠁⠝⠙⠗⠊⠁⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀⠠⠉⠓⠗⠊⠎⠞⠊⠁⠝⠀
⠞⠑⠍⠏⠑⠗⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠁⠙⠧⠕⠉⠁⠞⠑⠂⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠁⠗⠛⠥⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠥⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠊⠝⠑⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠚⠥⠎⠞⠊⠋⠊⠑⠙⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠊⠞⠀
⠙⠊⠙⠀⠛⠕⠕⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠍⠑⠙⠊⠉⠊⠝⠑⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠇⠑⠍⠎⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠑⠍⠃⠗⠽⠕⠇⠕⠛⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠙⠊⠎⠑⠁⠎⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠓⠊⠇⠙⠓⠕⠕⠙

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.