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Library / Biochemistry / Old-Time Makers of Medicine / Braille

Old-Time Makers of Medicine ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

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772,363 braille cells · 821 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,991 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠝⠑⠧⠑⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠗⠥⠊⠞⠋⠥⠇⠀
⠍⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠑⠝⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠙⠊⠙⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠛⠑⠝⠊⠥⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠑⠧⠑⠝⠀⠞⠁⠇⠑⠝⠞⠂⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠁⠇⠺⠁⠽⠎⠀
⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠃⠕⠗⠝⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠊⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠞⠀
⠙⠊⠙⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠑⠁⠎⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠎⠞⠁⠝⠙⠂
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠉⠁⠙⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇
⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠕⠕⠅⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠑⠍⠏⠊⠗⠑⠀
⠙⠑⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠞⠑⠙⠲⠀⠀⠠⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠅⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀
⠊⠞⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠗⠕⠍⠁⠝⠀⠠⠑⠍⠏⠊⠗⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠇⠕⠕⠅⠀
⠞⠕⠺⠁⠗⠙⠎⠀⠠⠗⠕⠍⠑⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠊⠞⠀
⠎⠑⠑⠍⠑⠙⠀⠃⠑⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀⠠⠉⠓⠗⠊⠎⠞⠊⠁⠝⠎⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠑⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠊⠎⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠑⠝⠞⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀
⠚⠥⠗⠊⠎⠙⠊⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠲⠀⠠⠝⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠁⠗⠊⠇⠽⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠂⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠥⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀
⠊⠝⠞⠑⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠉⠁⠍⠑⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠋⠇⠥⠑⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠁⠞⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠗⠕⠍⠑⠀⠁⠞
⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠲⠀⠠⠙⠥⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠗⠎⠞⠀⠉⠑⠝⠞⠥⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠎⠥⠋⠋⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠃⠑⠎⠊⠙⠑⠎⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠏⠑⠗⠎⠑⠉⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠑⠙⠀⠁⠛⠁⠊⠝⠎⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠀⠃⠽⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠑⠍⠏⠑⠗⠕⠗⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠧⠁⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠑⠋⠋⠑⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠏⠗⠑⠧⠑⠝⠞⠑⠙⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠑⠭⠞⠑⠗⠝⠁⠇
⠀⠍⠁⠝⠊⠋⠑⠎⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑
⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠉⠓⠗⠊⠎⠞⠊⠁⠝⠎⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠞⠕⠕⠅⠀
⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠞⠕⠀⠕⠧⠑⠗⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠎⠑⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠓⠁⠝⠙⠊⠉⠁⠏⠂⠀
⠃⠥⠞⠀⠝⠕⠞⠑⠺⠕⠗⠞⠓⠽⠀⠏⠗⠕⠛⠗⠑⠎⠎⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.