Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / Darwin and Modern Science / Braille

Darwin and Modern Science ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

1,393,362 braille cells · 1,476 embossed pages at 40×25 · 6,018 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠝⠥⠍⠃⠻⠀⠞⠕⠀⠐⠕⠆⠀⠊⠝⠙⠑⠫⠂⠀⠔⠀⠐⠕⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠑⠎⠀⠝⠕⠀
⠕⠧⠜⠊⠁⠝⠀⠞⠥⠃⠑⠀⠁⠞⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠊⠎⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠢⠞⠲⠀⠠⠎⠀⠍⠥⠡⠀⠁⠞⠀
⠇⠑⠁⠌⠀⠊⠎⠀⠉⠻⠞⠁⠔⠀⠋⠀⠱⠁⠞⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠎⠁⠊⠙⠂⠀⠞⠀⠔⠀
⠹⠊⠎⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠀⠠⠠⠑⠧⠻⠽⠹⠬⠀⠙⠑⠏⠢⠙⠎⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀
⠋⠇⠥⠉⠞⠥⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠑⠇⠑⠍⠢⠞⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠛⠻⠍⠤⠏⠇⠁⠎⠍⠲⠀
⠠⠛⠻⠍⠔⠁⠇⠀⠎⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠐⠓⠀⠵⠀⠑⠇⠎⠑⠱⠻⠑⠂⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠢⠞⠎
⠀⠮⠀⠧⠜⠊⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠙⠑⠞⠻⠍⠔⠁⠝⠞⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀⠏⠻⠎⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀
⠎⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠋⠁⠧⠳⠗⠎⠀⠕⠗⠀⠗⠑⠚⠑⠉⠞⠎⠀⠘⠮⠂⠀⠕⠗⠂⠤⠤⠊⠋⠀
⠭⠀⠃⠑⠀⠁⠀⠐⠟⠀⠷⠀⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠎⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠓⠀⠃⠑⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀
⠥⠎⠑⠇⠑⠎⠎⠂⠤⠤⠭⠀⠙⠕⠑⠎⠀⠝⠀⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠏⠇⠁⠽⠀⠁⠞⠀
⠁⠇⠇⠂⠀⠯⠀⠁⠇⠇⠪⠎⠀⠮⠀⠙⠑⠎⠉⠢⠙⠬⠀⠧⠜⠊⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠋⠗⠑⠑⠀
⠉⠳⠗⠎⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠕⠃⠧⠊⠳⠎⠀⠞⠀⠑⠧⠢⠀⠮⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠇⠑⠍⠀⠷⠀
⠠⠠⠉⠕⠁⠙⠁⠏⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠠⠠⠔⠀⠠⠠⠌⠻⠊⠇⠑⠀⠠⠠⠁⠝⠊⠍⠁⠇⠎⠀⠉⠀
⠹⠥⠎⠀⠃⠑⠀⠎⠁⠞⠊⠎⠋⠁⠉⠞⠕⠗⠊⠇⠽⠀⠑⠭⠏⠇⠁⠔⠫⠲⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠮⠀
⠙⠑⠞⠻⠍⠔⠁⠝⠞⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠕⠎⠉⠊⠇⠇⠁⠞⠬⠀⠥⠏⠺⠜⠙⠎⠀⠯⠀
⠙⠪⠝⠺⠜⠙⠎⠀⠔⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠔⠥⠁⠇⠀⠋⠇⠥⠉⠞⠥⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠯⠀⠧⠜⠽⠬⠀⠍
⠀⠏⠗⠕⠝⠳⠝⠉⠫⠇⠽⠀⠝⠪⠀⠔⠀⠐⠕⠀⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠝⠪⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀
⠕⠮⠗⠂⠀⠥⠎⠑⠋⠥⠇⠀⠧⠜⠊⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠷⠀⠑⠀⠙⠑⠞⠻⠍⠔⠁⠝⠞⠀⠺⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠞⠔⠥⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠢⠞⠀⠮⠍⠎⠑⠇⠧⠑⠎⠀⠁⠝⠑⠺⠂⠀⠯⠀⠍⠁⠽⠂⠀
⠔⠀⠮⠀⠉⠳⠗⠎⠑⠀⠷⠀⠛⠢⠻⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠃⠑⠀⠉⠕⠍⠃⠔⠫⠀⠾⠀⠐⠕⠀
⠁⠝⠕⠮⠗⠀⠔⠀⠧⠜⠊⠳⠎⠀⠺⠁⠽⠎⠲⠀⠠⠃⠀⠮⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠐⠕⠀⠐⠡⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀
⠙⠑⠞⠻⠍⠔⠁⠝⠞⠎⠀⠞⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠇⠽⠀⠋⠁⠉⠊⠇⠊⠞⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠑⠭⠀⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠎⠎⠀⠷⠀⠎⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠞⠂⠀⠁⠋⠞⠻⠀⠁⠀
⠉⠻⠞⠁⠔⠀⠇⠊⠍⠊⠞⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠗⠑⠁⠡⠫⠂⠀⠮⠽⠀⠛⠀⠕⠝⠀⠧⠜⠽⠬⠀
⠔⠀⠮⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠋⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠭⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠪⠎⠀⠞⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.