Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / The Concept of Nature / Braille

The Concept of Nature ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

360,753 braille cells · 383 embossed pages at 40×25 · 611 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠑⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠇⠑⠝⠙
⠀⠏⠕⠺⠑⠗⠋⠥⠇⠀⠎⠥⠏⠏⠕⠗⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠊⠛⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠕⠗⠽
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠃⠎⠕⠇⠥⠞⠑⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠗⠎⠞⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀
⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠑⠭⠞⠑⠝⠙⠎⠀⠃⠑⠽⠕⠝⠙⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠲⠀⠠⠕⠥⠗⠀
⠞⠓⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠲⠀⠠⠁⠉⠉⠕⠗⠙⠊⠝⠛⠇⠽⠀⠊⠞⠀
⠎⠑⠑⠍⠎⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠙⠑⠗⠊⠧⠑⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠍⠑⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀
⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠑⠇⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠲⠀⠠⠋⠕⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠕⠗⠁⠇⠀
⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠉⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠑⠀⠞⠓⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠞⠓⠥⠎⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠥⠎⠑⠀⠁⠀⠍⠑⠞⠁⠏⠓⠕⠗⠂⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀
⠁⠏⠏⠁⠗⠑⠝⠞⠇⠽⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠙⠑⠑⠏⠑⠗⠀⠗⠕⠕⠞⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠗⠑⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀
⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠲⠀⠠⠋⠕⠗⠀⠺⠑⠀⠉⠁⠝⠀⠊⠍⠁⠛⠊⠝⠑⠀
⠞⠓⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠎⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠕⠥⠞⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀
⠏⠑⠗⠉⠑⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠲⠀⠠⠋⠕⠗⠀⠑⠭⠁⠍⠏⠇⠑⠀⠺⠑⠀
⠉⠁⠝⠀⠊⠍⠁⠛⠊⠝⠑⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠍⠊⠇⠞⠕⠝⠄⠎⠀⠁⠝⠛⠑⠇⠎⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓
⠀⠞⠓⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠎⠀⠎⠥⠉⠉⠑⠑⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠑⠁⠉⠓⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠂
⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠙⠕⠑⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠓⠁⠏⠏⠑⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠝⠕⠞⠊⠉⠑⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠁⠇⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠽⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠉⠗⠑⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠎⠏⠁⠉⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙
⠀⠎⠑⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠞⠑⠗⠊⠁⠇⠀⠥⠝⠊⠧⠑⠗⠎⠑⠲⠀⠠⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀
⠍⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠠⠊⠀⠞⠓⠊⠝⠅⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠠⠍⠊⠇⠞⠕⠝⠀⠎⠑⠞
⠀⠎⠏⠁⠉⠑⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠁⠃⠎⠕⠇⠥⠞⠑⠀⠇⠑⠧⠑⠇⠀⠁⠎⠀
⠞⠊⠍⠑⠲⠀⠠⠃⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠝⠑⠑⠙⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠙⠊⠎⠞⠥⠗⠃⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠑⠉⠕⠝⠙⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎
⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠊⠉⠥⠇⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠙⠑⠗⠊⠧⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠗⠥⠑⠀⠎⠑⠗⠊⠁⠇⠀
⠉⠓⠁⠗⠁⠉⠞⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.