Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Earth / Scientific American Supplement, No. 717, September 28, 1889 / Braille

Scientific American Supplement, No. 717, September 28, 1889 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

255,466 braille cells · 270 embossed pages at 40×25 · 310 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠊⠝⠎⠞⠑⠁⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠋⠁⠇⠇⠀⠙⠕⠺⠝⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠕⠗⠎⠓⠊⠏⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠗⠁⠵⠑⠝⠀⠊⠍⠁⠛⠑⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠗⠀⠓⠁⠞⠓⠀⠎⠑⠞⠀⠥⠏⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠠⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠠⠠⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠠⠠⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠠⠠⠞⠗⠑⠁⠞⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠠⠠⠕⠋⠀⠠⠠⠁⠝⠊⠍⠁⠇⠀⠠⠠⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠠⠠⠧⠑⠛⠑⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠠⠠⠋⠁⠃⠗⠊⠉⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠎⠑⠏⠁⠗⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠙⠥⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠞⠥⠙⠽⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠧⠁⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠁⠝⠊⠍⠁⠇⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠧⠑⠛⠑⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠋⠁⠃⠗⠊⠉⠎⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀
⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠤⠤⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠉⠞⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠧⠁⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎
⠀⠍⠊⠝⠑⠗⠁⠇⠂⠀⠧⠑⠛⠑⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠊⠍⠁⠇⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠛⠁⠎⠑⠕⠥⠎
⠀⠃⠕⠙⠊⠑⠎⠀⠁⠏⠏⠇⠊⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠝⠙⠊⠧⠊⠙⠥⠁⠇⠀
⠊⠝⠙⠥⠎⠞⠗⠊⠑⠎⠤⠤⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠙⠑⠧⠕⠇⠧⠑⠀⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠓⠑⠁⠙⠎⠂⠀⠉⠓⠑⠍⠊⠎⠞⠎⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠍⠁⠝⠁⠛⠑⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠋⠊⠗⠍⠎⠀
⠁⠇⠕⠝⠑⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠑⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀
⠊⠝⠞⠑⠇⠇⠊⠛⠑⠝⠞⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠍⠁⠝⠂⠀⠺⠓⠕⠍⠀⠺⠑⠀⠉⠁⠝⠝⠕⠞⠀
⠑⠭⠏⠑⠉⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠉⠟⠥⠊⠗⠑⠀⠁⠀⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠑⠭⠞⠑⠝⠎⠊⠧⠑⠀
⠅⠝⠕⠺⠇⠑⠙⠛⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠓⠑⠍⠊⠎⠞⠗⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠏⠑⠗⠋⠑⠉⠞⠀
⠁⠉⠟⠥⠁⠊⠝⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠊⠉⠥⠇⠁⠗⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠝⠑⠝⠞⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠋⠁⠃⠗⠊⠉⠎⠂⠀⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠂⠀
⠁⠞⠀⠇⠑⠁⠎⠞⠂⠀⠃⠑⠀⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠺⠁⠗⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠚⠕⠗⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠉⠉⠊⠙⠑⠝⠞⠎
⠀⠃⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠀⠁⠃⠕⠥⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠗⠑⠛⠁⠗⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠟⠥⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠁⠞⠑⠗⠊⠁⠇⠎⠀⠞⠗⠑⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠲

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.