Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / A History of Science, Volume 4(of 5) / Braille

A History of Science, Volume 4(of 5) ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

492,750 braille cells · 525 embossed pages at 40×25 · 728 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠊⠉⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠥⠝⠙⠎⠀⠏⠗⠑⠏⠁⠗⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝
⠀⠓⠊⠞⠓⠑⠗⠞⠕⠀⠥⠝⠅⠝⠕⠺⠝⠲⠀⠠⠓⠊⠎⠀⠑⠭⠏⠇⠁⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠉⠓⠑⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠏⠓⠑⠝⠕⠍⠑⠝⠁⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠃⠁⠎⠑⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠏⠓⠇⠕⠛⠊⠎⠞⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠕⠗⠽⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠂⠀⠇⠊⠅⠑⠀
⠠⠏⠗⠊⠑⠎⠞⠇⠑⠽⠂⠀⠓⠑⠀⠁⠇⠺⠁⠽⠎⠂⠀⠃⠑⠇⠊⠑⠧⠑⠙⠲⠀
⠠⠁⠇⠞⠓⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠊⠝⠀⠑⠗⠗⠕⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠗⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠂⠀⠓⠑⠀
⠺⠁⠎⠂⠀⠝⠑⠧⠑⠗⠞⠓⠑⠇⠑⠎⠎⠂⠀⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠧⠑⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠑⠭⠞⠗⠑⠍⠑⠇⠽⠀⠁⠉⠉⠥⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠏⠗⠑⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠲⠀⠠⠁⠀⠃⠗⠊⠑⠋⠀⠑⠏⠊⠞⠕⠍⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠇⠊⠎⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠞⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠧⠑⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠉⠕⠝⠧⠑⠽⠎⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠊⠙⠑⠁⠂⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠋⠑⠗⠞⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠊⠝⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠺⠑⠇⠇⠀⠁⠎⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠊⠝⠙⠥⠎⠞⠗⠽⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠼⠁⠛⠓⠚⠀⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠧⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠇⠁⠉⠞⠊⠉
⠀⠁⠉⠊⠙⠂⠶⠼⠛⠶⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠓⠕⠺⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠥⠃⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠉⠊⠙⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠎⠕⠥⠗⠀⠍⠊⠇⠅⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠽⠑⠁⠗⠀⠓⠑⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠧⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠍⠥⠉⠊⠉⠀⠁⠉⠊⠙⠲⠀⠠⠝⠑⠭⠞⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠑⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠥⠝⠛⠎⠞⠊⠉⠀⠁⠉⠊⠙⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠼⠁⠛⠓⠉⠀⠓⠑⠀⠁⠙⠙⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠇⠊⠎⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠥⠎⠑⠋⠥⠇⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠧⠑⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠛⠇⠽⠉⠑⠗⠊⠝⠑⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠗⠁⠏⠊⠙⠀⠎⠥⠉⠉⠑⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠉⠁⠍⠑⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠁⠝⠝⠕⠥⠝⠉⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠧⠑⠛⠑⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠞⠎⠀⠉⠊⠞⠗⠊⠉⠂⠀
⠍⠁⠇⠊⠉⠂⠀⠕⠭⠁⠇⠊⠉⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠛⠁⠇⠇⠊⠉⠀⠁⠉⠊⠙⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠎⠉⠓⠑⠑⠇⠑⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠧⠑⠗⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀
⠃⠥⠞⠀⠞⠕⠇⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠇⠙⠀⠓⠕⠺⠀⠓⠑⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.