Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement, No. 794, March 21, 1891 / Braille

Scientific American Supplement, No. 794, March 21, 1891 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

232,792 braille cells · 246 embossed pages at 40×25 · 498 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠗⠕⠽⠁⠇⠀⠠⠑⠝⠛⠊⠝⠑⠑⠗⠎⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠏⠥⠃⠇⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠼⠁⠓⠓⠓⠂⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠊⠝⠛⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠃⠇⠁⠎⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀
⠛⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠝⠑⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠀⠼⠁⠙⠃
⠀⠀⠀⠠⠋⠕⠗⠉⠊⠞⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠀⠼⠁⠉⠉⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠙⠽⠝⠁⠍⠊⠞⠑⠀⠠⠝⠕⠲⠀
⠼⠁⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠀⠼⠁⠚⠚⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠛⠥⠝⠤⠉⠕⠞⠞⠕⠝⠂⠀
⠙⠗⠽⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠀⠼⠁⠚⠚⠀⠀⠀
⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠀⠀⠼⠓⠚⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠛⠥⠝⠏⠕⠺⠙⠑⠗⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲
⠲⠲⠲⠲⠲⠀⠀⠼⠃⠑⠀⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠃⠕⠞⠓⠀⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠎⠀⠙⠽⠝⠁⠍⠊⠞⠑⠀
⠠⠝⠕⠲⠀⠼⠁⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠎⠎⠥⠍⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠞⠁⠝⠙⠁⠗⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠗⠊⠎⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠉⠕⠇⠲⠀⠠⠃⠥⠉⠅⠝⠊⠇⠇⠀⠎⠞⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀
⠓⠊⠎⠀⠛⠥⠝⠤⠉⠕⠞⠞⠕⠝⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠎⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠑⠗⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠠⠛⠑⠝⠲
⠀⠠⠁⠃⠃⠕⠞⠄⠎⠂⠀⠃⠑⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠓⠑⠀⠑⠭⠏⠑⠗⠊⠍⠑⠝⠞⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀
⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠇⠁⠗⠛⠑⠗⠀⠟⠥⠁⠝⠞⠊⠞⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠧⠊⠵⠲⠂⠀⠼⠑⠚⠚⠤⠏⠕⠥⠝⠙
⠀⠉⠓⠁⠗⠛⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠛⠑⠝⠲⠀⠠⠁⠃⠃⠕⠞⠄⠎⠀⠑⠭⠏⠑⠗⠊⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠇⠑⠙
⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠇⠊⠑⠧⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠁⠝⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠞⠁⠝⠑⠕⠥⠎⠀
⠍⠑⠁⠝⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠼⠋⠂⠑⠚⠚⠀⠏⠕⠥⠝⠙⠎⠀⠏⠑⠗⠀
⠎⠟⠥⠁⠗⠑⠀⠊⠝⠉⠓⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠀⠁⠀⠋⠁⠞⠁⠇⠀⠃⠇⠕⠺⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠕⠥⠃⠇⠑⠀⠃⠕⠞⠞⠕⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠍⠕⠙⠑⠗⠝⠀⠁⠗⠍⠕⠗⠉⠇⠁⠙⠂
⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠧⠑⠇⠕⠏⠑⠙⠀⠁⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠥⠇⠁⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠎⠀
⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠃⠇⠕⠺⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠃⠇⠁⠎⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠛⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠝⠑⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.