Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Education / The Negro Problem / Braille

The Negro Problem ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

216,971 braille cells · 230 embossed pages at 40×25 · 342 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠎⠕⠥⠞⠓⠑⠗⠝⠤⠃⠕⠗⠝⠀⠛⠗⠁⠙⠥⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠑⠁⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠎⠑⠑⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠏⠑⠗⠎⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀⠋⠗⠑⠑⠙⠕⠍⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠃⠗⠕⠁⠙⠑⠗⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇⠀⠁⠞⠍⠕⠎⠏⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠞⠗⠁⠊⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠇⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀
⠙⠑⠛⠗⠑⠑⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠊⠧⠑⠂⠀⠎⠞⠁⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠇⠁⠃⠕⠗⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠺⠁⠊⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠊⠙⠎⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠃⠇⠁⠉⠅⠀
⠝⠑⠊⠛⠓⠃⠕⠗⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀
⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠎⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠟⠥⠑⠎⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀
⠗⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠗⠥⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀⠟⠥⠑⠎⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠁⠎⠅⠑⠙⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠗⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠉⠕⠇⠇⠑⠛⠑⠤⠃⠗⠑⠙⠀⠠⠝⠑⠛⠗⠕⠑⠎⠂⠀
⠊⠎⠒⠀⠠⠙⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠑⠁⠗⠝⠀⠁⠀⠇⠊⠧⠊⠝⠛⠦⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝
⠀⠊⠝⠞⠊⠍⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠕⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠓⠊⠛⠓⠑⠗⠀⠞⠗⠁⠊⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠝⠑⠛⠗⠕⠑⠎⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠑⠙
⠀⠊⠝⠀⠎⠑⠝⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠇⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠂⠀⠍⠑⠝⠀
⠺⠓⠕⠀⠉⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠋⠊⠝⠙⠀⠝⠕⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀⠙⠕⠀⠎⠥⠊⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠞⠕
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠞⠁⠇⠑⠝⠞⠎⠲⠀⠠⠝⠕⠺⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠑⠎⠀⠁⠀⠗⠥⠍⠕⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠇⠕⠗⠑⠙⠀⠉⠕⠇⠇⠑⠛⠑⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀
⠺⠕⠗⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠞⠀⠍⠑⠝⠊⠁⠇⠀⠎⠑⠗⠧⠊⠉⠑⠂⠀⠑⠞⠉⠲⠀
⠠⠋⠕⠗⠞⠥⠝⠁⠞⠑⠇⠽⠂⠀⠗⠑⠞⠥⠗⠝⠎⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠕⠉⠉⠥⠏⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠉⠕⠇⠇⠑⠛⠑⠤⠃⠗⠑⠙⠀⠠⠝⠑⠛⠗⠕⠑⠎⠂⠀⠛⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠁⠞⠇⠁⠝⠞⠁⠀⠉⠕⠝⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠟⠥⠊⠞⠑⠀
⠋⠥⠇⠇⠤⠤⠝⠑⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀⠎⠊⠭⠞⠽⠀⠏⠑⠗⠀⠉⠑⠝⠞⠲⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠞⠕⠞⠁⠇⠀⠝⠥⠍⠃⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠛⠗⠁⠙⠥⠁⠞⠑⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠑⠝⠁⠃⠇⠑⠎⠀⠥⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠗⠑⠁⠉⠓⠀⠋⠁⠊⠗⠇⠽⠀⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠉⠇⠥⠎⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠉⠉⠥⠏⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠇⠇

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.