Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement No. 819 / Braille
Scientific American Supplement No. 819 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
225,414 braille cells · 240 embossed pages at 40×25 · 665 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠠⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠀ ⠠⠠⠁⠍⠑⠗⠊⠉⠁⠝⠀⠠⠠⠎⠥⠏⠏⠇⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠠⠠⠝⠕⠲⠀⠼⠓⠁⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠠⠝⠑⠺⠀⠠⠠⠽⠕⠗⠅⠂⠀⠠⠠⠎⠑⠏⠞⠑⠍⠃⠑⠗⠀⠼⠁⠃⠂⠀⠼⠁⠓⠊⠁⠲⠀⠀ ⠠⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠀⠠⠁⠍⠑⠗⠊⠉⠁⠝⠀⠠⠎⠥⠏⠏⠇⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠲⠀⠠⠧⠕⠇⠲ ⠀⠠⠠⠭⠭⠭⠊⠊⠂⠀⠠⠝⠕⠲⠀⠼⠓⠁⠊⠲⠀⠀⠠⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠀ ⠠⠁⠍⠑⠗⠊⠉⠁⠝⠀⠑⠎⠞⠁⠃⠇⠊⠎⠓⠑⠙⠀⠼⠁⠓⠙⠑⠀⠀⠠⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉ ⠀⠠⠁⠍⠑⠗⠊⠉⠁⠝⠀⠠⠎⠥⠏⠏⠇⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠂⠀⠼⠑⠀⠁⠀⠽⠑⠁⠗⠲⠀⠀ ⠠⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠀⠠⠁⠍⠑⠗⠊⠉⠁⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠎⠥⠏⠏⠇⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠂⠀ ⠼⠛⠀⠁⠀⠽⠑⠁⠗⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀ ⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠠⠠⠕⠋⠀⠠⠠⠉⠕⠝⠞⠑⠝⠞⠎⠲ ⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠁⠎⠞⠗⠕⠝⠕⠍⠽⠲⠤⠤⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠥⠝⠊⠧⠑⠗⠎⠑⠲⠤⠤⠠⠃⠽⠀⠠⠙⠗⠲⠀⠠⠠⠺⠊⠇⠇⠊⠁⠍⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠠⠓⠥⠛⠛⠊⠝⠎⠲⠤⠤⠠⠁⠀⠧⠁⠇⠥⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠁⠉⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠍⠕⠙⠑⠗⠝⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠥⠝⠊⠧⠑⠗⠎⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠕⠙⠑⠗⠝⠀⠍⠑⠞⠓⠕⠙⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠎⠞⠥⠙⠽⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠇⠑⠍⠲⠤⠤⠼⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠠⠠⠊⠊⠲⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠠⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠊⠉⠊⠞⠽⠲⠤⠤⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠠⠓⠽⠙⠗⠕⠛⠑⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠕⠭⠽⠛⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠠⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠕⠇⠽⠎⠊⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠲⠤⠤⠠⠁⠀⠧⠁⠇⠥⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀ ⠏⠁⠏⠑⠗⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠗⠕⠇⠽⠎⠊⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗ ⠀⠕⠝⠀⠁⠀⠇⠁⠗⠛⠑⠀⠎⠉⠁⠇⠑⠂⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠁⠏⠏⠁⠗⠁⠞⠥⠎⠀ ⠑⠍⠏⠇⠕⠽⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠋⠕⠗⠲⠤⠤⠼⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠠⠊⠊⠊⠲⠀⠀⠠⠠⠍⠑⠉⠓⠁⠝⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀ ⠠⠠⠑⠝⠛⠊⠝⠑⠑⠗⠊⠝⠛⠲⠤⠤⠠⠁⠝⠀⠠⠑⠝⠛⠇⠊⠎⠓⠀⠠⠎⠞⠑⠁⠍⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.