Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement, No. 483, April 4, 1885 / Braille
Scientific American Supplement, No. 483, April 4, 1885 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
182,063 braille cells · 191 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,213 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠉⠕⠝⠎⠥⠇⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠊⠞⠑⠗⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠃⠑⠁⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑ ⠀⠎⠥⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠂⠀⠠⠊⠀⠉⠁⠝⠝⠕⠞⠀⠋⠊⠝⠙⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠀⠍⠑⠝⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋ ⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠍⠑⠞⠓⠕⠙⠀⠑⠍⠏⠇⠕⠽⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠝⠁⠇⠽⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀ ⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠎⠎⠆⠀⠊⠞⠀⠓⠁⠎⠂⠀⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀ ⠏⠗⠑⠧⠊⠕⠥⠎⠇⠽⠀⠙⠑⠎⠉⠗⠊⠃⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠑⠗⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀ ⠍⠑⠞⠓⠕⠙⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠏⠥⠗⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠛⠗⠁⠏⠓⠊⠞⠑⠂⠼⠁⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠊⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠎⠞⠁⠝⠙⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀ ⠞⠗⠊⠑⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀⠁⠀⠎⠍⠁⠇⠇⠀⠀⠎⠉⠁⠇⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠗⠽⠲ ⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠑⠞⠓⠕⠙⠂⠀⠞⠓⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠊⠝⠑⠭⠏⠑⠝⠎⠊⠧⠑⠂⠀⠽⠑⠞⠀ ⠎⠑⠑⠍⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠁⠃⠁⠝⠙⠕⠝⠑⠙⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀ ⠗⠑⠁⠎⠕⠝⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠊⠀⠁⠍⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠁⠺⠁⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀ ⠝⠕⠺⠀⠀⠑⠍⠏⠇⠕⠽⠑⠙⠀⠁⠝⠽⠺⠓⠑⠗⠑⠲⠤⠤⠠⠎⠉⠓⠲⠀⠠⠍⠊⠝⠑⠎⠀ ⠠⠟⠥⠁⠗⠞⠑⠗⠇⠽⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠋⠕⠕⠞⠝⠕⠞⠑⠀⠼⠁⠒⠀⠠⠎⠉⠓⠇⠕⠋⠋⠑⠇⠂ ⠀⠠⠵⠑⠊⠞⠎⠉⠓⠗⠊⠋⠞⠀⠙⠑⠗⠀⠠⠅⠲⠠⠅⠲⠀⠛⠑⠕⠇⠕⠛⠲⠀ ⠠⠗⠑⠊⠉⠓⠁⠝⠎⠞⠁⠇⠞⠂⠀⠼⠁⠓⠋⠋⠂⠀⠀⠏⠲⠀⠼⠁⠃⠋⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀ ⠠⠠⠎⠥⠇⠏⠓⠕⠉⠽⠁⠝⠊⠙⠑⠀⠠⠠⠕⠋⠀⠠⠠⠏⠕⠞⠁⠎⠎⠊⠥⠍⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠇⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠽⠁⠝⠕⠛⠑⠝⠂⠀⠉⠕⠍⠃⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓ ⠀⠎⠥⠇⠏⠓⠥⠗⠂⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠀⠁⠀⠎⠁⠇⠞⠀⠗⠁⠙⠊⠉⠁⠇⠂⠀⠀ ⠎⠥⠇⠏⠓⠕⠉⠽⠁⠝⠕⠛⠑⠝⠂⠀⠠⠉⠼⠃⠠⠠⠝⠎⠼⠃⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀ ⠑⠭⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠽⠍⠃⠕⠇⠀⠠⠉⠎⠽⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀ ⠎⠥⠇⠏⠓⠕⠉⠽⠁⠝⠊⠙⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠏⠕⠞⠁⠎⠎⠊⠥⠍⠂⠀⠠⠅⠠⠉⠎⠽⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀ ⠏⠗⠑⠏⠁⠗⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠋⠥⠎⠊⠝⠛⠀⠋⠑⠗⠗⠕⠉⠽⠁⠝⠊⠙⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀ ⠏⠕⠞⠁⠎⠎⠊⠥⠍⠂⠀⠙⠑⠏⠗⠊⠧⠑⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠉⠗⠽⠎⠞⠁⠇⠇⠊⠵⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠊⠝⠞⠊⠍⠁⠞⠑⠇⠽⠀⠍⠊⠭⠑⠙⠀⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.