Library / Philosophy / The Problem of China / Braille
The Problem of China ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
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457,420 braille cells · 486 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,237 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠀⠠⠚⠁⠏⠁⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠺⠓⠊⠞⠑⠀⠠⠏⠕⠺⠑⠗⠎⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠀ ⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠕⠇⠀⠠⠉⠓⠊⠝⠁⠆⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠠⠊⠀⠙⠕⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠃⠑⠇⠊⠑⠧⠑⠀ ⠞⠓⠁⠞⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠗⠥⠝⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠚⠁⠏⠁⠝⠑⠎⠑⠀⠀ ⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠕⠤⠕⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠠⠑⠝⠛⠇⠁⠝⠙ ⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠁⠍⠑⠗⠊⠉⠁⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠗⠥⠝⠂⠀⠠⠊⠀⠀ ⠃⠑⠇⠊⠑⠧⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠠⠚⠁⠏⠁⠝⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀⠙⠕⠍⠊⠝⠁⠞⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠠⠋⠁⠗⠀⠠⠑⠁⠎⠞⠀⠕⠗⠀⠛⠕⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠲⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀ ⠠⠚⠁⠏⠁⠝⠑⠎⠑⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠁⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠞⠀⠉⠓⠁⠗⠁⠉⠞⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎ ⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠆⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀ ⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠁⠍⠃⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠀⠑⠭⠉⠇⠥⠎⠊⠧⠑⠀ ⠁⠝⠙⠀⠥⠝⠝⠑⠊⠛⠓⠃⠕⠥⠗⠇⠽⠲⠀⠠⠊⠀⠀⠎⠓⠁⠇⠇⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠗⠑⠁⠎⠕⠝⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠠⠊⠀⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠙⠑⠁⠇⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠉⠓⠊⠝⠁⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠠⠚⠁⠏⠁⠝⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠕⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠎⠞⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠇⠑⠍⠀⠕⠋ ⠀⠠⠉⠓⠊⠝⠁⠂⠀⠺⠑⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀⠋⠊⠗⠎⠞⠀⠅⠝⠕⠺⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋ ⠀⠀⠠⠉⠓⠊⠝⠑⠎⠑⠀⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠥⠇⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠃⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠗⠗⠥⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠓⠊⠞⠑⠀⠍⠁⠝⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠀⠀ ⠎⠕⠍⠑⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠕⠙⠑⠗⠝⠀⠠⠉⠓⠊⠝⠑⠎⠑⠀⠉⠥⠇⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙ ⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠊⠝⠓⠑⠗⠑⠝⠞⠀⠞⠑⠝⠙⠑⠝⠉⠊⠑⠎⠆⠀⠝⠑⠭⠞⠂⠀⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀ ⠝⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠁⠗⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠙⠑⠁⠇⠀⠊⠝⠀⠕⠥⠞⠇⠊⠝⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠍⠊⠇⠊⠞⠁⠗⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠙⠊⠏⠇⠕⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠀⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠺⠑⠎⠞⠑⠗⠝⠀⠠⠏⠕⠺⠑⠗⠎⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠠⠉⠓⠊⠝⠁⠂⠀ ⠃⠑⠛⠊⠝⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠺⠁⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠼⠁⠓⠙⠚⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠑⠝⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠗⠑⠁⠞⠽⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠇⠥⠙⠑⠙⠀⠁⠋⠞⠑⠗⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠃⠕⠭⠑⠗⠀⠗⠊⠎⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠼⠁⠊⠚⠚⠲⠀⠠⠁⠇⠞⠓⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.