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The history of steam navigation ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

512,929 braille cells · 537 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,452 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠠⠉⠕⠍⠍⠻⠉⠑⠀⠴⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠻⠁⠃⠇⠽⠀⠇⠜⠛⠻⠀⠹⠁⠝⠀⠑⠊⠮⠗⠀⠷⠀
⠓⠻⠀⠀⠏⠗⠫⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠕⠗⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀⠴⠀⠇⠁⠥⠝⠡⠫⠀⠋⠀⠮⠀⠽⠜⠙⠀⠷⠀
⠠⠍⠑⠎⠎⠗⠎⠲⠀⠠⠛⠗⠁⠽⠎⠕⠝⠀⠯⠀⠀⠠⠇⠑⠁⠙⠇⠑⠽⠂⠀⠠⠞⠗⠢⠹⠁⠍⠀
⠠⠌⠗⠑⠑⠞⠂⠀⠠⠇⠊⠧⠻⠏⠕⠕⠇⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠓⠻⠀⠶⠇⠁⠞⠑⠶⠀
⠠⠍⠁⠚⠑⠌⠽⠄⠎⠀⠌⠑⠁⠍⠩⠊⠏⠀⠠⠠⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠝⠬⠀⠎⠁⠊⠇⠫⠀⠋⠀
⠠⠁⠇⠛⠊⠻⠎⠀⠿⠀⠓⠕⠍⠑⠀⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠼⠃⠛⠹⠀⠠⠚⠥⠇⠽⠂⠀⠼⠁⠓⠃⠙⠂⠀
⠉⠁⠇⠇⠬⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠛⠊⠃⠗⠁⠇⠞⠜⠀⠯⠀⠠⠇⠊⠎⠃⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠩⠑⠀⠗⠑⠍⠁⠔⠫
⠀⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠇⠊⠎⠃⠕⠝⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠙⠁⠽⠎⠀⠞⠁⠅⠬⠀⠔⠀⠉⠕⠁⠇⠂⠀⠯⠀
⠋⠔⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠁⠗⠗⠊⠧⠫⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠏⠇⠽⠍⠳⠹⠀⠀⠝⠔⠑⠞⠑⠢⠀⠙⠁⠽⠎⠀
⠁⠋⠞⠻⠀⠇⠑⠁⠧⠬⠀⠠⠁⠇⠛⠊⠻⠎⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠠⠠⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠝⠬⠀⠴⠀⠐⠕⠀⠷⠀
⠮⠀⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠧⠑⠎⠎⠑⠇⠎⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠠⠃⠗⠊⠞⠊⠩⠀⠠⠝⠁⠧⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠎⠥⠏⠏⠇⠊⠫⠀⠾⠀⠌⠑⠁⠍⠀⠏⠪⠻⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠺⠕⠀⠌⠊⠇⠇⠀⠑⠭⠊⠌⠬⠀⠯
⠀⠊⠝⠋⠇⠥⠢⠞⠊⠁⠇⠀⠠⠌⠑⠁⠍⠩⠊⠏⠀⠠⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠝⠊⠑⠎⠀⠶⠀⠀
⠑⠌⠁⠃⠇⠊⠩⠫⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠽⠑⠜⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠠⠛⠢⠻⠁⠇⠀⠠⠌⠑⠁⠍⠀
⠠⠝⠁⠧⠊⠛⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠠⠉⠕⠲⠂⠀⠷⠀⠠⠇⠕⠝⠙⠕⠝⠂⠀⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀
⠠⠃⠑⠇⠋⠁⠌⠀⠠⠌⠑⠁⠍⠤⠠⠏⠁⠉⠅⠑⠞⠀⠠⠉⠕⠲⠂⠀⠁⠋⠞⠻⠺⠜⠙⠎⠀
⠍⠻⠛⠫⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠠⠃⠑⠇⠋⠁⠌⠀⠀⠠⠌⠑⠁⠍⠩⠊⠏⠀⠠⠉⠕⠲⠂⠀
⠠⠇⠊⠍⠊⠞⠫⠂⠀⠷⠀⠠⠃⠑⠇⠋⠁⠌⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠑⠞⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀
⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠢⠀⠮⠀⠠⠌⠑⠁⠍⠤⠠⠏⠁⠉⠅⠑⠞⠀⠠⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠝⠊⠑⠎⠀⠑⠝⠛⠁⠛⠫
⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠀⠠⠎⠉⠕⠞⠡⠀⠯⠀⠠⠝⠕⠗⠹⠀⠷⠀⠠⠊⠗⠑⠇⠯⠀⠏⠁⠎⠎⠢⠛⠻⠀
⠞⠗⠁⠙⠑⠀⠸⠓⠀⠃⠑⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠎⠀⠅⠑⠢⠂⠀⠞⠀⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠎⠥⠍⠍⠻⠀⠷⠀
⠼⠁⠓⠃⠑⠀⠮⠀⠌⠑⠁⠍⠻⠎⠀⠋⠀⠠⠃⠑⠇⠋⠁⠌⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠛⠇⠁⠎⠛⠪⠀⠇⠪⠻⠫
⠀⠀⠸⠮⠀⠋⠜⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠃⠎⠲⠀⠿⠀⠼⠁⠌⠀⠉⠁⠃⠔⠂⠀⠼⠋⠰⠙⠲⠀⠿⠀
⠼⠃⠝⠙⠀⠉⠁⠃⠔⠂⠀⠯⠀⠉⠜⠗⠊⠫⠀⠙⠑⠉⠅⠀⠀⠏⠁⠎⠎⠢⠛⠻⠎⠀⠿⠀
⠝⠕⠹⠬⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠠⠙⠥⠃⠇⠔⠀⠯⠀⠠⠇⠊⠧⠻⠏⠕⠕⠇⠀⠌⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.