Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Engineering & Technology / The history of steam navigation / Braille

The history of steam navigation ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

512,929 braille cells · 537 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,452 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠠⠽⠕⠗⠅⠀⠠⠏⠁⠉⠅⠑⠞⠀⠠⠇⠔⠻⠎⠲⠀⠠⠭⠀⠸⠉⠀⠃⠑⠀⠀⠎⠥⠏⠏⠕⠎⠫⠀
⠞⠀⠁⠀⠏⠀⠎⠀⠑⠝⠞⠻⠏⠗⠊⠎⠬⠀⠵⠀⠮⠀⠠⠁⠍⠻⠊⠉⠁⠝⠎⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀
⠍⠁⠅⠑⠀⠝⠕⠀⠀⠁⠞⠞⠑⠍⠏⠞⠀⠁⠞⠀⠕⠉⠑⠁⠝⠀⠌⠑⠁⠍⠀
⠝⠁⠧⠊⠛⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠜⠽⠂⠀⠵⠀⠮⠽⠀⠶⠀⠮⠀⠀
⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠥⠊⠇⠙⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠁⠌⠬⠀⠏⠁⠎⠎⠢⠛⠻⠀⠌⠑⠁⠍⠻⠂⠀⠎⠀⠶
⠀⠮⠽⠀⠮⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠥⠊⠇⠙⠀⠁⠀⠌⠑⠁⠍⠻⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠗⠕⠎⠎⠀⠮⠀
⠠⠁⠞⠇⠁⠝⠞⠊⠉⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠙⠥⠗⠬⠀⠮⠀⠇⠁⠞⠞⠻⠀⠐⠏⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠽⠑⠜⠀
⠼⠁⠓⠁⠓⠂⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀⠃⠑⠛⠔⠝⠬⠀⠷⠀⠼⠁⠓⠁⠊⠂⠀⠀⠮⠗⠑⠀⠴⠂⠀⠔⠀
⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠎⠎⠀⠷⠀⠃⠥⠊⠇⠙⠬⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠝⠑⠺⠀⠠⠽⠕⠗⠅⠂⠀⠁⠀
⠃⠑⠁⠥⠞⠊⠋⠥⠇⠀⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠀⠩⠊⠏⠀⠷⠀⠁⠃⠳⠞⠀⠼⠉⠃⠚⠀⠞⠕⠝⠎⠀
⠃⠥⠗⠙⠢⠲⠀⠠⠱⠊⠇⠌⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠌⠕⠉⠅⠎⠀⠭⠀⠴⠀⠎⠥⠛⠛⠑⠌⠫⠀⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠧⠻⠞⠀⠓⠻⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠌⠑⠁⠍⠻⠂⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠴⠀⠁⠉⠉⠕⠗⠙⠬⠇⠽⠀
⠙⠕⠝⠑⠲⠀⠠⠁⠋⠞⠻⠀⠩⠑⠀⠀⠴⠀⠇⠁⠥⠝⠡⠫⠂⠀⠮⠀⠠⠠⠎⠁⠧⠁⠝⠝⠁⠓⠂⠀
⠞⠀⠃⠑⠬⠀⠮⠀⠐⠝⠀⠛⠊⠧⠢⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠻⠂⠀⠎⠁⠊⠇⠫⠀⠀⠋⠀⠠⠝⠑⠺⠀
⠠⠽⠕⠗⠅⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠎⠁⠧⠁⠝⠝⠁⠓⠂⠀⠯⠀⠮⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠁⠃⠳⠞⠀⠮⠀⠼⠃⠑⠹⠀
⠠⠍⠁⠽⠂⠀⠼⠁⠓⠁⠊⠂⠀⠩⠑⠀⠀⠎⠁⠊⠇⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠇⠊⠧⠻⠏⠕⠕⠇⠂⠀⠑⠝⠀
⠗⠳⠞⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠌⠲⠀⠠⠏⠑⠞⠻⠎⠃⠥⠗⠛⠲⠀⠠⠭⠀⠴⠀⠗⠑⠏⠕⠗⠞⠫⠀⠁⠞⠀
⠮⠀⠐⠞⠀⠞⠀⠩⠑⠀⠴⠀⠁⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠢⠞⠀⠋⠀⠮⠀⠠⠁⠍⠻⠊⠉⠁⠝⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀
⠠⠑⠍⠏⠻⠕⠗⠀⠀⠷⠀⠠⠗⠥⠎⠎⠊⠁⠲⠀⠠⠁⠇⠹⠳⠛⠓⠀⠩⠑⠀⠙⠊⠙⠀⠝⠀
⠌⠑⠁⠍⠀⠮⠀⠱⠕⠇⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠧⠕⠽⠁⠛⠑⠀⠋⠀⠀⠠⠎⠁⠧⠁⠝⠝⠁⠓⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠠⠇⠊⠧⠻⠏⠕⠕⠇⠂⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠕⠉⠉⠥⠏⠊⠫⠀⠞⠺⠢⠞⠽⠤⠎⠊⠭⠀⠙⠁⠽⠎⠂⠀
⠩⠑⠀⠴⠀⠮⠀⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠌⠑⠁⠍⠻⠀⠞⠀⠑⠧⠻⠀⠁⠞⠞⠑⠍⠏⠞⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠉⠗⠕⠎⠎⠀⠮⠀⠠⠁⠞⠇⠁⠝⠞⠊⠉⠲⠀⠠⠃⠗⠊⠞⠊⠩⠀⠯⠀⠀⠠⠉⠁⠝⠁⠙⠊⠁⠝⠀
⠁⠥⠹⠕⠗⠎⠀⠓⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠢⠙⠫⠀⠞⠀⠩⠑⠀⠴⠀⠝⠀⠑⠝⠞⠊⠞⠇⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠹⠊⠎
⠀⠀⠓⠕⠝⠳⠗⠂⠀⠵⠀⠓⠻⠀⠌⠑⠁⠍⠀⠏⠪⠻⠀⠴⠀⠍⠻⠑⠇⠽⠀⠁⠥⠭⠊⠇⠊⠜⠽⠂

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.