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The history of steam navigation ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

512,929 braille cells · 537 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,452 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠌⠑⠁⠍⠩⠊⠏⠂⠀⠮⠀⠀⠠⠠⠃⠗⠊⠞⠊⠩⠀⠠⠠⠟⠥⠑⠢⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠕⠗⠙⠻⠀⠿⠀⠮
⠀⠑⠝⠛⠔⠑⠎⠀⠴⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠫⠀⠾⠀⠁⠀⠠⠛⠇⠁⠎⠛⠪⠀⠀⠋⠊⠗⠍⠂⠀
⠠⠍⠑⠎⠎⠗⠎⠲⠀⠠⠉⠇⠁⠥⠙⠑⠀⠠⠛⠊⠗⠙⠺⠕⠕⠙⠀⠀⠠⠉⠕⠲⠀⠠⠹⠊⠎⠀
⠋⠊⠗⠍⠂⠀⠓⠪⠑⠧⠻⠂⠀⠃⠑⠿⠑⠀⠀⠮⠽⠀⠸⠓⠀⠋⠔⠊⠩⠫⠀⠮⠀⠐⠺⠀
⠑⠝⠞⠗⠥⠌⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠍⠂⠀⠃⠑⠉⠁⠍⠑⠀⠃⠁⠝⠅⠗⠥⠏⠞⠂⠀⠯⠀⠀⠁⠀⠝⠑⠺
⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠀⠴⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠾⠀⠠⠍⠗⠲⠀⠠⠗⠕⠃⠻⠞⠀⠠⠝⠁⠏⠊⠻⠂⠀⠮
⠀⠋⠁⠍⠳⠎⠀⠠⠉⠇⠽⠙⠑⠀⠀⠑⠝⠛⠔⠑⠻⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠥⠏⠏⠇⠽⠀⠮⠀
⠑⠝⠛⠔⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠭⠀⠴⠀⠁⠞⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠮⠀⠊⠝⠞⠢⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠀⠮⠀
⠠⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠕⠗⠎⠀⠶⠵⠀⠌⠁⠞⠫⠀⠔⠀⠸⠮⠀⠏⠗⠕⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠥⠎⠶⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠃⠥⠊⠇⠙⠀⠁⠀⠧⠑⠎⠎⠑⠇⠀⠀⠷⠀⠼⠁⠂⠓⠋⠃⠀⠞⠕⠝⠎⠀⠃⠥⠗⠮⠝⠂⠀⠃⠀
⠃⠑⠿⠑⠀⠮⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠑⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠩⠊⠏⠀⠮⠽⠀⠀⠙⠑⠉⠊⠙⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠊⠝⠉⠗⠑⠁⠎⠑⠀⠓⠻⠀⠎⠊⠵⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠃⠂⠙⠚⠚⠀⠞⠕⠝⠎⠲⠀⠠⠁⠇⠹⠳⠛⠓
⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠫⠀⠿⠀⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠎⠥⠍⠍⠻⠀⠷⠀⠼⠁⠓⠉⠋⠂⠀⠭⠀⠴⠀⠝⠀
⠥⠝⠞⠊⠇⠀⠼⠃⠙⠹⠀⠠⠍⠁⠽⠂⠀⠼⠁⠓⠉⠓⠂⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠀⠠⠠⠃⠗⠊⠞⠊⠩⠀
⠠⠠⠟⠥⠑⠢⠀⠴⠀⠇⠁⠥⠝⠡⠫⠲⠀⠠⠹⠊⠎⠀⠥⠝⠿⠞⠥⠝⠁⠞⠑⠀⠙⠑⠇⠁⠽⠂⠀
⠉⠁⠥⠎⠫⠀⠃⠽⠀⠮⠀⠀⠃⠁⠝⠅⠗⠥⠏⠞⠉⠽⠀⠷⠀⠠⠍⠑⠎⠎⠗⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠛⠊⠗⠙⠺⠕⠕⠙⠀⠀⠠⠉⠕⠲⠂⠀⠑⠝⠁⠃⠇⠫⠀⠁⠀⠗⠊⠧⠁⠇⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠝⠽⠀
⠁⠞⠀⠀⠠⠃⠗⠊⠌⠕⠇⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠥⠊⠇⠙⠀⠯⠀⠑⠟⠥⠊⠏⠀⠸⠮⠀⠌⠑⠁⠍⠻⠂⠀⠮
⠀⠠⠠⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠠⠠⠺⠑⠌⠻⠝⠂⠀⠃⠑⠿⠑⠀⠀⠮⠀⠠⠠⠃⠗⠊⠞⠊⠩⠀
⠠⠠⠟⠥⠑⠢⠀⠉⠳⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠛⠕⠞⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠽⠀⠿⠀⠓⠻⠀⠎⠻⠧⠊⠉⠑⠲⠀⠠⠔
⠀⠕⠗⠙⠻⠀⠞⠕⠀⠀⠎⠁⠧⠑⠀⠮⠀⠏⠗⠑⠌⠊⠛⠑⠀⠷⠀⠸⠮⠀⠠⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠝⠽⠀⠮
⠀⠠⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠕⠗⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠠⠠⠃⠗⠊⠞⠊⠩⠀⠀⠠⠠⠟⠥⠑⠢⠀⠡⠜⠞⠻⠫⠀⠋
⠀⠮⠀⠠⠌⠲⠀⠠⠛⠑⠕⠗⠛⠑⠀⠠⠌⠑⠁⠍⠤⠠⠏⠁⠉⠅⠑⠞⠀⠠⠉⠕⠲⠀⠮⠀
⠌⠑⠁⠍⠻⠀⠀⠠⠠⠎⠊⠗⠊⠥⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀⠁⠙⠧⠻⠞⠊⠎⠫⠀⠞⠀⠩⠑⠀⠦⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀
⠇⠑⠁⠧⠑⠀⠠⠇⠕⠝⠙⠕⠝⠀⠿⠀⠠⠝⠑⠺⠀⠠⠽⠕⠗⠅⠀⠕⠝⠀⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.