Library / Mathematics / Elements of arithmetic / Braille
Elements of arithmetic ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.
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436,195 braille cells · 442 embossed pages at 40×25 · 18,576 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠍⠀⠎⠊⠍⠏⠇⠑⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠙⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠙⠊⠌⠔⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀ ⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠢⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠍⠑⠹⠕⠙⠀⠷⠀⠝⠥⠍⠻⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠯⠀⠞⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠀ ⠁⠝⠉⠊⠢⠞⠎⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠬⠀⠷⠀⠑⠁⠡⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠀ ⠙⠑⠏⠢⠙⠬⠀⠏⠜⠞⠇⠽⠀⠘⠥⠀⠮⠀⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀⠔⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠭⠀⠌⠯⠎⠲⠀ ⠠⠹⠥⠎⠂⠀⠔⠀⠼⠙⠙⠙⠙⠙⠀⠑⠁⠡⠀⠋⠳⠗⠀⠌⠯⠎⠀⠿⠀⠋⠳⠗⠀⠷⠀⠀ ⠎⠕⠍⠑⠹⠬⠆⠀⠃⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠉⠕⠇⠥⠍⠝⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠐⠗⠀⠭⠀ ⠎⠊⠛⠝⠊⠋⠊⠑⠎⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠀⠋⠳⠗⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠏⠑⠃⠃⠇⠑⠎⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀ ⠉⠳⠝⠞⠫⠆⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠎⠑⠉⠕⠝⠙⠂⠀⠭⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠎⠀⠋⠳⠗⠀⠀ ⠉⠕⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠷⠀⠞⠢⠀⠏⠑⠃⠃⠇⠑⠎⠀⠑⠁⠡⠆⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠹⠊⠗⠙⠂⠀ ⠋⠳⠗⠀⠷⠀⠐⠕⠀⠓⠥⠝⠙⠗⠫⠀⠀⠑⠁⠡⠆⠀⠯⠀⠎⠀⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠑⠲⠀⠠⠮ ⠀⠹⠬⠎⠀⠍⠑⠁⠎⠥⠗⠫⠀⠔⠀⠶⠼⠁⠁⠶⠀⠶⠀⠽⠜⠙⠎⠀⠷⠀⠉⠇⠕⠹⠲⠀⠠⠔⠀ ⠹⠊⠎⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠀⠐⠕⠀⠀⠽⠜⠙⠀⠷⠀⠉⠇⠕⠹⠀⠊⠎⠀⠉⠁⠇⠇⠫⠀⠮⠀⠥⠝⠊⠞⠲ ⠀⠠⠮⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠐⠗⠀⠊⠎⠀⠀⠎⠁⠊⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠔ ⠀⠮⠀⠥⠝⠊⠞⠎⠄⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠂⠀⠃⠑⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠭⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠌⠯⠎⠀⠿⠀⠎⠀ ⠸⠍⠀⠀⠥⠝⠊⠞⠎⠀⠵⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠝⠥⠍⠃⠻⠀⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠞⠢⠀⠐⠥ ⠀⠭⠀⠔⠀⠶⠼⠋⠶⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠎⠑⠉⠕⠝⠙⠀⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠎⠁⠊⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠃⠑⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠞⠢⠎⠄⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠂⠀⠃⠑⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠭⠀⠌⠯⠎⠀⠿⠀⠁⠀⠀ ⠝⠥⠍⠃⠻⠀⠷⠀⠞⠢⠎⠀⠷⠀⠥⠝⠊⠞⠎⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠹⠊⠗⠙⠂⠀⠋⠳⠗⠹⠂⠀⠯⠀ ⠋⠊⠋⠹⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠔⠀⠀⠮⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀ ⠓⠥⠝⠙⠗⠫⠎⠂⠀⠹⠳⠎⠯⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀⠞⠢⠎⠀⠷⠀⠹⠳⠎⠯⠎⠂⠀⠿⠀⠀⠁⠀ ⠎⠊⠍⠊⠇⠜⠀⠗⠑⠁⠎⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠋⠲⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠮⠀⠟⠥⠁⠝⠞⠊⠞⠽⠀ ⠍⠑⠁⠎⠥⠗⠫⠀⠸⠓⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠁⠉⠗⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠇⠯⠂⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠉⠗⠑⠀⠷⠀⠇⠯⠀ ⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀⠓⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠉⠁⠇⠇⠫⠀⠮⠀⠥⠝⠊⠞⠂⠀⠿⠀⠮⠀⠥⠝⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠐⠕⠀ ⠷⠀⠮⠀⠹⠬⠎⠀⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠍⠑⠁⠎⠥⠗⠫⠲⠀⠠⠟⠥⠁⠝⠞⠊⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀ ⠁⠗⠑⠀⠷⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠎⠕⠗⠞⠎⠆⠀⠘⠹⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠔⠀⠁⠝⠀⠀⠑⠭⠁⠉⠞
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.