Library / Mathematics / Elements of arithmetic / Braille
Elements of arithmetic ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
498,465 braille cells · 510 embossed pages at 40×25 · 10,650 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠼⠃⠙⠀⠀⠼⠃⠓⠀⠀⠼⠉⠃⠀⠀⠼⠉⠋⠀⠀⠼⠙⠚⠀⠀⠼⠙⠙⠀⠀⠼⠙⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠑⠀⠀⠼⠁⠚⠀⠀⠼⠁⠑⠀⠀⠼⠃⠚⠀⠀⠼⠃⠑⠀⠀ ⠼⠉⠚⠀⠀⠼⠉⠑⠀⠀⠼⠙⠚⠀⠀⠼⠙⠑⠀⠀⠼⠑⠚⠀⠀⠼⠑⠑⠀⠀⠼⠋⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠋⠀⠀⠼⠁⠃⠀⠀⠼⠁⠓⠀⠀⠼⠃⠙⠀⠀⠼⠉⠚⠀⠀ ⠼⠉⠋⠀⠀⠼⠙⠃⠀⠀⠼⠙⠓⠀⠀⠼⠑⠙⠀⠀⠼⠋⠚⠀⠀⠼⠋⠋⠀⠀⠼⠛⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠛⠀⠀⠼⠁⠙⠀⠀⠼⠃⠁⠀⠀⠼⠃⠓⠀⠀⠼⠉⠑⠀⠀ ⠼⠙⠃⠀⠀⠼⠙⠊⠀⠀⠼⠑⠋⠀⠀⠼⠋⠉⠀⠀⠼⠛⠚⠀⠀⠼⠛⠛⠀⠀⠼⠓⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠓⠀⠀⠼⠁⠋⠀⠀⠼⠃⠙⠀⠀⠼⠉⠃⠀⠀⠼⠙⠚⠀⠀ ⠼⠙⠓⠀⠀⠼⠑⠋⠀⠀⠼⠋⠙⠀⠀⠼⠛⠃⠀⠀⠼⠓⠚⠀⠀⠼⠓⠓⠀⠀⠼⠊⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠊⠀⠀⠼⠁⠓⠀⠀⠼⠃⠛⠀⠀⠼⠉⠋⠀⠀⠼⠙⠑⠀⠀ ⠼⠑⠙⠀⠀⠼⠋⠉⠀⠀⠼⠛⠃⠀⠀⠼⠓⠁⠀⠀⠼⠊⠚⠀⠀⠼⠊⠊⠀⠼⠁⠚⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠚⠀⠀⠼⠃⠚⠀⠀⠼⠉⠚⠀⠀⠼⠙⠚⠀⠀⠼⠑⠚⠀⠀ ⠼⠋⠚⠀⠀⠼⠛⠚⠀⠀⠼⠓⠚⠀⠀⠼⠊⠚⠀⠼⠁⠚⠚⠀⠼⠁⠁⠚⠀⠼⠁⠃⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠁⠀⠀⠼⠃⠃⠀⠀⠼⠉⠉⠀⠀⠼⠙⠙⠀⠀⠼⠑⠑⠀⠀ ⠼⠋⠋⠀⠀⠼⠛⠛⠀⠀⠼⠓⠓⠀⠀⠼⠊⠊⠀⠼⠁⠁⠚⠀⠼⠁⠃⠁⠀⠼⠁⠉⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤ ⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠃⠀⠀⠼⠃⠙⠀⠀⠼⠉⠋⠀⠀⠼⠙⠓⠀⠀⠼⠋⠚⠀⠀ ⠼⠛⠃⠀⠀⠼⠓⠙⠀⠀⠼⠊⠋⠀⠼⠁⠚⠓⠀⠼⠁⠃⠚⠀⠼⠁⠉⠃⠀⠼⠁⠙⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.