Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / Independence: Rectorial address delivered at St. Andrews October 10, 1923 / Braille

Independence: Rectorial address delivered at St. Andrews October 10, 1923 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

23,640 braille cells · 25 embossed pages at 40×25 · 26 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠃⠑⠜⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠎⠊⠞⠥⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠝⠀⠕⠝⠉⠑⠀⠘⠥⠀⠁⠀⠐⠞⠂⠀
⠃⠀⠁⠞⠀⠸⠍⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠻⠢⠞⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠎⠀⠔⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠻⠢⠞⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠎⠀⠀
⠯⠀⠁⠛⠑⠎⠂⠀⠭⠀⠉⠁⠍⠑⠀⠕⠧⠻⠀⠐⠎⠀⠐⠕⠀⠠⠏⠗⠊⠍⠊⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠠⠍⠁⠝
⠀⠞⠀⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠎⠊⠗⠫⠂⠀⠁⠃⠕⠧⠑⠀⠀⠑⠧⠻⠽⠹⠬⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠑⠎⠉⠁⠏⠑⠀⠿
⠀⠁⠀⠱⠊⠇⠑⠀⠋⠀⠮⠀⠎⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠯⠀⠎⠳⠝⠙⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀⠀⠎⠍⠑⠇⠇⠀⠷⠀⠦⠀
⠠⠞⠗⠊⠃⠑⠲⠀⠠⠭⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠓⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠭⠉⠑⠇⠇⠢⠞⠀⠠⠞⠗⠊⠃⠑⠂
⠀⠕⠗⠀⠭⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠓⠀⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠃⠕⠍⠔⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠐⠕⠂⠀⠃⠀
⠱⠊⠡⠑⠧⠻⠀⠭⠀⠴⠀⠓⠑⠀⠸⠓⠀⠸⠓⠀⠑⠝⠳⠛⠓⠀⠷⠀⠭⠀⠀⠿⠀⠁⠀⠐⠞⠲⠀
⠠⠅⠝⠪⠬⠀⠝⠕⠀⠍⠀⠹⠁⠝⠀⠮⠀⠏⠎⠽⠡⠕⠇⠕⠛⠽⠀⠷⠀⠦⠀⠁⠛⠑⠀
⠶⠱⠻⠑⠁⠎⠀⠀⠺⠑⠂⠀⠷⠀⠉⠳⠗⠎⠑⠂⠀⠐⠅⠀⠮⠀⠏⠎⠽⠡⠕⠇⠕⠛⠽⠀⠷⠀
⠁⠇⠇⠀⠮⠀⠁⠛⠑⠎⠶⠂⠀⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠋⠻⠗⠫⠀⠦⠀⠀⠊⠍⠏⠥⠇⠎⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀
⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠀⠕⠗⠙⠻⠎⠂⠀⠛⠥⠊⠙⠁⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠇⠑⠁⠙⠬⠀⠷⠀⠦⠀
⠠⠞⠕⠞⠑⠍⠂⠀⠦⠀⠀⠠⠛⠥⠜⠙⠊⠁⠝⠀⠠⠸⠎⠂⠀⠦⠀⠠⠙⠊⠎⠑⠍⠃⠕⠙⠊⠫⠀
⠠⠁⠝⠉⠑⠌⠕⠗⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠕⠮⠗⠀⠠⠏⠗⠊⠧⠁⠞⠑⠀⠠⠛⠕⠙⠂⠀⠱⠕⠀⠀⠸⠓⠀
⠁⠏⠏⠑⠜⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠔⠀⠁⠀⠙⠗⠑⠁⠍⠀⠯⠀⠊⠝⠎⠏⠊⠗⠫⠀⠦⠀
⠁⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠓⠻⠑⠔⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠁⠝⠉⠑⠌⠕⠗⠀⠴⠀⠵⠀⠇⠕⠛⠊⠉⠁⠇
⠀⠵⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠞⠁⠅⠬⠀⠦⠀⠠⠙⠑⠛⠗⠑⠑⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠀⠑⠧⠑⠀⠷⠀⠁⠀
⠏⠗⠷⠑⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀⠉⠜⠑⠻⠤⠤⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠁⠽⠀⠵⠀⠏⠗⠁⠉⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠵
⠀⠁⠀⠠⠎⠉⠕⠞⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀⠀⠁⠉⠉⠑⠏⠞⠫⠀⠠⠎⠏⠊⠗⠊⠞⠎⠀⠯⠀
⠠⠍⠁⠝⠊⠋⠑⠌⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠷⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠅⠔⠙⠎⠀⠵⠀⠐⠏⠀⠷⠀⠦⠀
⠓⠊⠛⠓⠇⠽⠀⠀⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠊⠵⠫⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠂⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠸⠓⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠗⠕⠕⠞⠎⠀
⠔⠀⠮⠀⠊⠍⠍⠑⠍⠕⠗⠊⠁⠇⠀⠏⠁⠌⠆⠀⠃⠂⠀⠀⠕⠥⠞⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠞⠂⠀⠮⠀
⠁⠍⠳⠝⠞⠀⠷⠀⠞⠗⠥⠹⠀⠕⠏⠢⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠴⠀⠇⠊⠍⠊⠞⠫⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀
⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠅⠝⠑⠺⠀⠀⠞⠀⠊⠋⠀⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠙⠀⠝⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠊⠙⠑⠀⠓⠊⠍⠎⠑⠇⠋
⠀⠾⠀⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠔⠀⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠿⠀⠦⠀⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠕⠎⠫⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.