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Aristotle's works ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

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545,859 braille cells · 571 embossed pages at 40×25 · 224 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠋⠗⠁⠍⠑⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠥⠍⠏⠞⠥⠕⠥⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠁⠝⠽⠀⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠑⠀⠉⠗⠑⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠞⠞⠑⠍⠏⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠀⠁
⠀⠀⠉⠇⠑⠁⠗⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠥⠝⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠕⠧⠑⠗⠞⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠗⠑⠁⠎⠕⠝⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠍⠕⠝⠎⠞⠗⠕⠥⠎⠀⠃⠊⠗⠞⠓⠎⠲⠀⠠⠎⠥⠋⠋⠊⠉⠑⠀⠊⠞⠀⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠎⠁⠽⠂⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠎⠑⠧⠑⠗⠁⠇⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠁⠞⠀⠧⠁⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠎⠀
⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠗⠑⠉⠕⠗⠙⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠆⠀⠁⠀⠀⠋⠑⠺⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠺⠑⠀⠎⠓⠁⠇⠇⠀⠝⠕⠺⠀⠊⠝⠞⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠝⠕⠞⠊⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠑⠗⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠞⠕⠇⠙⠀⠃⠽
⠀⠕⠇⠙⠀⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠊⠁⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠍⠕⠝⠎⠞⠑⠗⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀
⠃⠕⠗⠝⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠗⠁⠧⠑⠝⠝⠁⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠀⠠⠊⠞⠁⠇⠽⠂⠀⠁⠃⠕⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠽⠑⠁⠗⠀⠼⠁⠑⠁⠃⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠺⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠑⠁⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠁⠗⠍⠎⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠀⠏⠑⠉⠥⠇⠊⠁⠗⠀⠍⠁⠗⠅⠎⠀⠕⠝⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀
⠃⠕⠙⠽⠲⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠊⠝⠛⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠀⠎⠊⠝⠛⠥⠇⠁⠗⠀⠉⠗⠑⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠁⠝⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠍⠕⠝⠎⠞⠑⠗⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠃⠕⠗⠝⠀⠁⠃⠕⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠽⠑⠁⠗
⠀⠼⠁⠋⠚⠉⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠉⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠀⠀⠓⠁⠝⠙⠑⠙⠀
⠙⠕⠺⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠥⠎⠂⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠁⠧⠑⠇⠀⠥⠏⠺⠁⠗⠙⠎⠀
⠇⠊⠅⠑⠀⠁⠀⠺⠕⠍⠁⠝⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠇⠕⠺⠑⠗⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠎⠀⠇⠊⠅⠑⠀
⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠃⠑⠁⠎⠞⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠊⠝⠛⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠉⠥⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠀⠉⠗⠑⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠝⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀
⠁⠝⠀⠁⠝⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠀⠗⠑⠉⠕⠗⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠍⠕⠝⠎⠞⠑⠗⠀⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠏⠏⠗⠕⠁⠉⠓⠀⠝⠑⠁⠗⠑⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠁⠃⠇⠑⠙⠀⠎⠁⠞⠽⠗⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠁⠝⠽
⠀⠀⠺⠑⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠃⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠀⠎⠑⠑⠝⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠁⠃⠇⠽⠀

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