Library / How To / Aristotle's works / Braille
Aristotle's works ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
545,859 braille cells · 571 embossed pages at 40×25 · 224 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠞⠕⠇⠙⠀⠽⠕⠥⠗⠀⠙⠑⠁⠗⠑⠎⠞⠀⠋⠗⠊⠑⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠑⠉⠗⠑⠞⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠽⠕⠥⠗⠀⠀⠓⠑⠁⠗⠞⠂⠀⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠎⠕⠕⠝⠀⠃⠑⠀⠺⠑⠁⠗⠊⠑⠙⠀ ⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠽⠕⠥⠗⠀⠕⠋⠋⠊⠉⠊⠕⠥⠎⠝⠑⠎⠎⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠓⠑ ⠀⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠁⠏⠏⠗⠑⠉⠊⠁⠞⠑⠀⠽⠕⠥⠗⠀⠋⠗⠊⠑⠝⠙⠎⠓⠊⠏⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠁⠝⠭⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠽⠕⠥⠗⠀⠎⠥⠉⠉⠑⠎⠎⠂⠀⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀ ⠽⠕⠥⠗⠀⠎⠥⠉⠉⠑⠎⠎⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠑⠧⠑⠝⠀⠽⠕⠥⠗⠀⠋⠗⠊⠑⠝⠙⠎⠓⠊⠏⠂⠀ ⠁⠗⠑⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠏⠁⠗⠁⠍⠕⠥⠝⠞⠀⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀ ⠑⠎⠞⠊⠍⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠞⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠀⠊⠎⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠁⠀⠀⠺⠊⠋⠑⠲⠀⠠⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠽⠕⠥⠀ ⠉⠕⠝⠙⠥⠉⠞⠑⠙⠀⠓⠑⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠇⠞⠁⠗⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠧⠕⠺⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕ ⠀⠇⠕⠧⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠓⠑⠗⠊⠎⠓⠀⠀⠓⠑⠗⠀⠎⠕⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠁⠎⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠀ ⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠇⠁⠎⠞⠂⠀⠎⠓⠑⠀⠃⠑⠉⠁⠍⠑⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀ ⠽⠕⠥⠤⠤⠦⠝⠕⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠞⠺⠁⠊⠝⠀⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠋⠇⠑⠎⠓⠲⠴⠀⠠⠞⠕ ⠀⠓⠑⠗⠀⠽⠕⠥⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠎⠁⠋⠑⠇⠽⠀⠉⠕⠝⠋⠊⠙⠑⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠽⠕⠥⠗⠀ ⠺⠊⠎⠓⠑⠎⠂⠀⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠊⠉⠥⠇⠞⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠙⠊⠎⠁⠏⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠲⠀⠠⠏⠇⠑⠁⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠑⠉⠎⠞⠁⠞⠊⠉⠀⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠏⠁⠗⠞⠁⠅⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠞⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠑⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠃⠥⠗⠙⠑⠝⠀⠋⠑⠑⠇⠎⠀ ⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠑⠗⠂⠀⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠑⠇⠏⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠃⠑⠁⠗⠀⠊⠞⠲⠀⠠⠏⠇⠊⠝⠽⠂⠀⠎⠏⠑⠁⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠺⠊⠋⠑⠂⠀⠀ ⠎⠁⠽⠎⠂⠤⠤⠦⠠⠓⠑⠗⠀⠊⠝⠛⠑⠝⠥⠊⠞⠽⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠙⠍⠊⠗⠁⠃⠇⠑⠆⠀⠓⠑⠗ ⠀⠋⠗⠥⠛⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠊⠎⠀⠑⠭⠞⠗⠁⠕⠗⠙⠊⠝⠁⠗⠽⠆⠀⠎⠓⠑⠀⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠎⠀ ⠍⠽⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠊⠝⠛⠎⠂⠀⠎⠞⠥⠙⠊⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠑⠧⠑⠝⠀⠛⠑⠞⠎ ⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠀⠃⠽⠀⠓⠑⠁⠗⠞⠲⠀⠠⠽⠕⠥⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠀⠎⠍⠊⠇⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠑⠑ ⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠗⠝⠀⠎⠓⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠠⠊⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠁⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.