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Library / Mathematics / First notions of logic (preparatory to the study of geometry) / Braille

First notions of logic (preparatory to the study of geometry) ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

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67,011 braille cells · 68 embossed pages at 40×25 · 366 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠁⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠗⠛⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠕⠙⠙⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠋⠁⠧⠕⠥⠗⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠼⠙⠚⠀⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠁⠙⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀
⠼⠃⠚⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠛⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠊⠝⠞⠗⠊⠝⠎⠊⠉⠀
⠏⠗⠕⠃⠁⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠁⠇⠺⠁⠽⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠉⠇⠥⠎⠊⠕⠝⠆⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠇⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠂⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠕⠥⠗⠎⠑⠂⠀
⠙⠑⠏⠑⠝⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠝⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠙⠑⠛⠗⠑⠑⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠇⠊⠅⠑⠇⠊⠓⠕⠕⠙⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠇⠥⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀
⠎⠥⠏⠏⠕⠎⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠃⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠗⠛⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎
⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠁⠀⠀⠎⠽⠇⠇⠕⠛⠊⠎⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠼⠃⠚⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠛⠀⠊⠝
⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠋⠁⠧⠕⠥⠗⠂⠀⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠉⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠋⠁⠧⠕⠥⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠉⠇⠥⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠓⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀
⠇⠊⠅⠑⠇⠽⠀⠁⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠂⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠎⠀⠁⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀
⠏⠗⠕⠃⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠊⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠇⠥⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀
⠓⠁⠙⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠀⠁⠃⠎⠕⠇⠥⠞⠑⠇⠽⠀⠋⠁⠇⠎⠑⠀⠥⠝⠞⠊⠇⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠗⠛⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠙⠀⠁⠀⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠃⠑⠇⠊⠑⠋⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠀⠞⠗⠥⠑⠲⠀
⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠓⠁⠝⠛⠑⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠁⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁
⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠇⠥⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠊⠝⠞⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠝⠀
⠁⠗⠛⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠶⠕⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠁⠗⠛⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠂⠀⠊⠋⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀
⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠁⠇⠗⠑⠁⠙⠽⠀⠀⠏⠗⠑⠉⠑⠙⠑⠙⠶⠀⠊⠎⠀⠋⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠊⠝⠛⠀⠗⠥⠇⠑⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠑⠭⠊⠎⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠁⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠇⠥⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠊⠝⠞⠗⠊⠝⠎⠊⠉⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠁⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠝⠑⠺⠀⠁⠗⠛⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠂⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠞⠆⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀
⠗⠑⠍⠁⠊⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠁⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.