Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Physics / James Clerk Maxwell and Modern Physics / Braille

James Clerk Maxwell and Modern Physics ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

381,190 braille cells · 404 embossed pages at 40×25 · 803 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠉⠓⠊⠑⠋⠀⠁⠎⠎⠕⠉⠊⠁⠞⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠋⠞⠑⠗⠀⠠⠊⠀⠺⠑⠝⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀
⠠⠥⠝⠊⠧⠑⠗⠎⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠛⠇⠁⠎⠛⠕⠺⠂⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠍⠽⠀
⠃⠗⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠂⠀⠠⠗⠕⠃⠑⠗⠞⠀⠠⠉⠁⠍⠏⠃⠑⠇⠇⠀⠶⠎⠞⠊⠇⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠁⠞
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠁⠉⠁⠙⠑⠍⠽⠶⠂⠀⠠⠏⠲⠀⠠⠛⠲⠀⠠⠞⠁⠊⠞⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠠⠁⠇⠇⠁⠝⠀⠠⠎⠞⠑⠺⠁⠗⠞⠲⠀⠠⠞⠁⠊⠞⠀⠺⠑⠝⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠠⠏⠑⠞⠑⠗⠓⠕⠥⠎⠑⠂⠀⠠⠉⠁⠍⠃⠗⠊⠙⠛⠑⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠼⠁⠓⠙⠓⠂⠀⠁⠋⠞⠑⠗
⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠎⠑⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠥⠝⠊⠧⠑⠗⠎⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠠⠑⠙⠊⠝⠃⠥⠗⠛⠓⠆⠀⠠⠎⠞⠑⠺⠁⠗⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠉⠕⠇⠇⠑⠛⠑
⠀⠊⠝⠀⠼⠁⠓⠙⠊⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠍⠁⠭⠺⠑⠇⠇⠀⠙⠊⠙⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠛⠕⠀⠥⠏⠀
⠥⠝⠞⠊⠇⠀⠼⠁⠓⠑⠚⠲⠴⠀⠀⠠⠙⠥⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠏⠑⠗⠊⠕⠙⠀⠓⠑⠀
⠺⠗⠕⠞⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠞⠀⠏⠁⠏⠑⠗⠎⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠝⠑⠂⠀⠕⠝
⠀⠦⠠⠗⠕⠇⠇⠊⠝⠛⠀⠠⠉⠥⠗⠧⠑⠎⠂⠴⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠠⠗⠕⠽⠁⠇⠀⠠⠎⠕⠉⠊⠑⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠑⠙⠊⠝⠃⠥⠗⠛⠓⠀⠃⠽⠀
⠠⠏⠗⠕⠋⠑⠎⠎⠕⠗⠀⠠⠅⠑⠇⠇⠁⠝⠙⠤⠤⠶⠦⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀
⠞⠓⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠑⠗⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠁⠀⠃⠕⠽⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀⠗⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀
⠚⠁⠉⠅⠑⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠕⠥⠝⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠕⠎⠞⠗⠥⠍⠴⠶⠤⠤⠊⠝⠀
⠠⠋⠑⠃⠗⠥⠁⠗⠽⠂⠀⠼⠁⠓⠙⠊⠆⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠂⠀⠕⠝⠀⠦⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠠⠑⠟⠥⠊⠇⠊⠃⠗⠊⠥⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠑⠇⠁⠎⠞⠊⠉⠀⠠⠎⠕⠇⠊⠙⠎⠂⠴⠀
⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠏⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀⠼⠁⠓⠑⠚⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠧⠁⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠎⠏⠑⠝⠞⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠛⠇⠑⠝⠇⠁⠊⠗⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠺⠑⠀⠇⠑⠁⠗⠝⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠇⠑⠞⠞⠑⠗⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠏⠗⠕⠋⠑⠎⠎⠕⠗⠀
⠠⠉⠁⠍⠏⠃⠑⠇⠇⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠎⠀⠓⠕⠺⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀
⠏⠁⠎⠎⠑⠙⠲⠀⠀⠦⠠⠕⠝⠀⠠⠎⠁⠞⠥⠗⠙⠁⠽⠂⠴⠀⠓⠑⠀
⠺⠗⠊⠞⠑⠎⠼⠁⠁⠤⠤⠰⠠⠁⠏⠗⠊⠇⠀⠼⠃⠋⠞⠓⠂⠀⠼⠁⠓⠙⠓⠂⠀⠚⠥⠎⠞⠀
⠁⠋⠞⠑⠗⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠁⠗⠗⠊⠧⠁⠇⠀⠓⠕⠍⠑⠤⠤⠦⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.