Library / Philosophy / The Origin of Thought and Speech / Braille
The Origin of Thought and Speech ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
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589,051 braille cells · 623 embossed pages at 40×25 · 2,385 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠥⠗⠁⠝⠥⠎⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠎⠕⠕⠝⠀ ⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠇⠁⠗⠛⠑⠀⠝⠥⠍⠃⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠉⠑⠇⠑⠎⠞⠊⠁⠇⠀⠀⠃⠕⠙⠊⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠁⠛⠁⠊⠝⠂⠀⠁⠞⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑ ⠀⠠⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀⠠⠑⠭⠓⠊⠃⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠂⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠎⠓⠕⠺⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠉⠕⠍⠑⠗⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠙⠑⠇ ⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠗⠑⠉⠑⠝⠞⠇⠽⠀⠊⠝⠧⠑⠝⠞⠑⠙⠀⠁⠏⠏⠁⠗⠁⠞⠥⠎⠀⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠧⠑⠽⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠥⠝⠙⠑⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀ ⠃⠁⠞⠞⠇⠑⠋⠊⠑⠇⠙⠎⠆⠀⠎⠊⠝⠉⠑⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠂⠀⠑⠁⠉⠓⠀⠀⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠗⠽ ⠀⠝⠕⠺⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠎⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠕⠺⠝⠀⠙⠑⠎⠊⠛⠝⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀ ⠧⠁⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠊⠍⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠧⠊⠉⠞⠊⠍⠎⠀ ⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠁⠗⠃⠁⠗⠊⠎⠍⠂⠀⠎⠞⠊⠇⠇⠀⠇⠊⠝⠛⠑⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠝⠀ ⠺⠁⠗⠂⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠃⠑⠝⠑⠋⠊⠞⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠍⠕⠙⠑⠗⠝⠀ ⠁⠏⠏⠇⠊⠁⠝⠉⠑⠎⠂⠀⠙⠥⠑⠀⠑⠝⠞⠊⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠗⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠊⠍⠊⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠎⠓⠕⠗⠞⠂⠀⠏⠗⠕⠛⠗⠑⠎⠎⠀ ⠑⠭⠊⠎⠞⠎⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠁⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠲⠀⠠⠁⠎⠀ ⠞⠓⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠀⠀⠞⠗⠁⠧⠑⠇⠎⠀⠎⠇⠕⠺⠇⠽⠀⠊⠝⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠕⠺⠝⠀ ⠙⠕⠍⠁⠊⠝⠂⠀⠎⠕⠀⠍⠑⠝⠞⠁⠇⠀⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠃⠑⠓⠊⠝⠙⠓⠁⠝⠙⠲ ⠀⠀⠠⠁⠀⠞⠗⠥⠑⠀⠊⠙⠑⠁⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠍⠑⠉⠓⠁⠝⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀ ⠗⠑⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠙⠂⠀⠊⠞⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠞⠑⠝⠙⠑⠙⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠀⠊⠞⠀⠞⠕ ⠀⠃⠑⠁⠗⠀⠋⠗⠥⠊⠞⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠺⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠑⠝⠙⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀ ⠁⠧⠁⠊⠇⠂⠀⠊⠋⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠊⠉⠥⠇⠞⠽⠀ ⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠗⠊⠍⠊⠝⠁⠞⠑⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠺⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠑⠀ ⠅⠝⠕⠺⠀⠁⠇⠗⠑⠁⠙⠽⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠓⠁⠞⠀⠀⠺⠑⠀⠙⠕⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠽⠑⠞⠀ ⠅⠝⠕⠺⠂⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠙⠊⠎⠞⠊⠝⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀ ⠁⠉⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠝⠽⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠉⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠀⠏⠗⠕⠛⠗⠑⠎⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀
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