Library / Philosophy / The Communist Manifesto / Braille
The Communist Manifesto ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
75,239 braille cells · 81 embossed pages at 40×25 · 48 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠀⠎⠊⠍⠊⠇⠁⠗⠀⠍⠕⠧⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠛⠕⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠝⠀ ⠃⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠕⠺⠝⠀⠑⠽⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠍⠕⠙⠑⠗⠝⠀⠃⠕⠥⠗⠛⠑⠕⠊⠎⠀⠀ ⠎⠕⠉⠊⠑⠞⠽⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠕⠋⠀⠑⠭⠉⠓⠁⠝⠛⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠑⠗⠞⠽⠂ ⠀⠀⠁⠀⠎⠕⠉⠊⠑⠞⠽⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠉⠕⠝⠚⠥⠗⠑⠙⠀⠥⠏⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀ ⠛⠊⠛⠁⠝⠞⠊⠉⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀ ⠑⠭⠉⠓⠁⠝⠛⠑⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠇⠊⠅⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠕⠗⠉⠑⠗⠑⠗⠂⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠊⠎⠀ ⠝⠕⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠑⠗⠀⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠕⠇⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠏⠕⠺⠑⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋ ⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠑⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠺⠕⠗⠇⠙⠀⠺⠓⠕⠍⠀⠓⠑⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠉⠁⠇⠇⠑⠙⠀⠥⠏⠀ ⠃⠽⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠎⠏⠑⠇⠇⠎⠲⠀⠠⠋⠕⠗⠀⠀⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠁⠀⠙⠑⠉⠁⠙⠑⠀⠏⠁⠎⠞⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠝⠙⠥⠎⠞⠗⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠑⠗⠉⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀ ⠃⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠧⠕⠇⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠕⠙⠑⠗⠝ ⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠉⠑⠎⠀⠁⠛⠁⠊⠝⠎⠞⠀⠍⠕⠙⠑⠗⠝⠀⠀ ⠉⠕⠝⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠁⠛⠁⠊⠝⠎⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠏⠗⠕⠏⠑⠗⠞⠽⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀ ⠉⠕⠝⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠭⠊⠎⠞⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠃⠕⠥⠗⠛⠑⠕⠊⠎⠊⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠗⠥⠇⠑⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠀ ⠑⠝⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠑⠝⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠑⠗⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀⠉⠗⠊⠎⠑⠎⠀ ⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠏⠑⠗⠊⠕⠙⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠗⠑⠞⠥⠗⠝⠀⠀⠏⠥⠞⠀⠕⠝⠀ ⠊⠞⠎⠀⠞⠗⠊⠁⠇⠂⠀⠑⠁⠉⠓⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠗⠑⠁⠞⠑⠝⠊⠝⠛⠇⠽⠂ ⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠭⠊⠎⠞⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠑⠝⠞⠊⠗⠑⠀⠃⠕⠥⠗⠛⠑⠕⠊⠎⠀ ⠎⠕⠉⠊⠑⠞⠽⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠉⠗⠊⠎⠑⠎⠀⠁⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠀ ⠝⠕⠞⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠑⠭⠊⠎⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠞⠎⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀ ⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠑⠧⠊⠕⠥⠎⠇⠽⠀⠉⠗⠑⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀ ⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠀⠋⠕⠗⠉⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠏⠑⠗⠊⠕⠙⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.