Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Physics / The Copernicus of Antiquity (Aristarchus of Samos) / Braille

The Copernicus of Antiquity (Aristarchus of Samos) ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

106,915 braille cells · 113 embossed pages at 40×25 · 224 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠍⠕⠕⠝⠄⠎⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠀⠙⠊⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠚⠥⠝⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠆⠀⠠⠏⠞⠕⠇⠑⠍⠽⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠊⠞⠂⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠍⠕⠕⠝⠄⠎⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠑⠎⠞⠀⠙⠊⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠁⠏⠏⠗⠑⠉⠊⠁⠃⠇⠽⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠼⠃⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠊⠭⠞⠓⠀
⠓⠽⠏⠕⠞⠓⠑⠎⠊⠎⠀⠎⠞⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠁⠍⠑⠞⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠕⠝⠀⠎⠥⠃⠞⠑⠝⠙⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠑⠽⠑⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠝⠛⠇⠑⠀
⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀⠼⠁⠸⠌⠁⠑⠞⠓⠀⠕⠋⠀⠼⠉⠚⠂⠀⠊⠲⠑⠲⠀⠼⠃⠂⠀
⠺⠓⠑⠗⠑⠁⠎⠀⠠⠁⠗⠉⠓⠊⠍⠑⠙⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠺⠑⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠎⠑⠑⠝⠂⠀
⠞⠑⠇⠇⠎⠀⠥⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠠⠁⠗⠊⠎⠞⠁⠗⠉⠓⠥⠎⠀⠋⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠁⠝⠛⠇⠑⠀⠎⠥⠃⠞⠑⠝⠙⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠁⠍⠑⠞⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠥⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠀⠶⠠⠁⠗⠉⠓⠊⠍⠑⠙⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀
⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠀⠙⠑⠎⠉⠗⠊⠃⠑⠎⠀⠁⠀⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠃⠽⠀
⠍⠑⠁⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠑⠀⠓⠊⠍⠎⠑⠇⠋⠀⠋⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠙⠊⠁⠍⠑⠞⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠝⠀⠎⠥⠃⠞⠑⠝⠙⠑⠙⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠝⠛⠇⠑⠀
⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠼⠁⠸⠌⠁⠋⠙⠞⠓⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀
⠼⠁⠸⠌⠃⠚⠚⠞⠓⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠗⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠁⠝⠛⠇⠑⠶⠲⠀⠠⠑⠧⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠠⠃⠁⠃⠽⠇⠕⠝⠊⠁⠝⠎⠀⠓⠁⠙⠂⠀⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠉⠑⠝⠞⠥⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠃⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠂
⠀⠁⠗⠗⠊⠧⠑⠙⠀⠁⠞⠀⠼⠁⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠏⠏⠁⠗⠑⠝⠞⠀⠁⠝⠛⠥⠇⠁⠗⠀
⠙⠊⠁⠍⠑⠞⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠥⠝⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠉⠇⠑⠁⠗⠀
⠺⠓⠽⠀⠠⠁⠗⠊⠎⠞⠁⠗⠉⠓⠥⠎⠀⠞⠕⠕⠅⠀⠁⠀⠧⠁⠇⠥⠑⠀⠎⠕⠀
⠊⠝⠁⠉⠉⠥⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠼⠃⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠎⠥⠛⠛⠑⠎⠞⠑⠙
⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠓⠑⠀⠍⠑⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠝⠙⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠀⠁⠀
⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠍⠑⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠇⠉⠥⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙
⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠁⠎⠊⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀
⠑⠭⠁⠉⠞⠀⠑⠭⠏⠑⠗⠊⠍⠑⠝⠞⠁⠇⠀⠕⠃⠎⠑⠗⠧⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.