Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / History of Chemistry, Volume 2 (of 2) / Braille

History of Chemistry, Volume 2 (of 2) ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

270,949 braille cells · 284 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,480 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠙⠑⠞⠑⠗⠍⠊⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠀⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠋⠊⠉⠀
⠓⠑⠁⠞⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠞⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠞⠀
⠧⠕⠇⠥⠍⠑⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠧⠑⠇⠕⠉⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠛⠁⠎⠤⠤⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠁⠗⠛⠕⠝⠂⠀⠇⠊⠅⠑⠀⠍⠑⠗⠉⠥⠗⠽⠀⠛⠁⠎⠂
⠀⠊⠎⠀⠀⠍⠕⠝⠁⠞⠕⠍⠊⠉⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠞⠎⠑⠇⠋⠀
⠊⠝⠙⠊⠉⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠁⠗⠛⠕⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠇⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠂⠀
⠎⠊⠝⠉⠑⠀⠁⠀⠀⠍⠕⠝⠁⠞⠕⠍⠊⠉⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠁⠙⠊⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠑⠗⠍⠎⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠉⠁⠇⠉⠥⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠭⠏⠑⠗⠊⠍⠑⠝⠞⠁⠇⠀⠙⠁⠞⠁
⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠥⠏⠏⠕⠎⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠁⠗⠛⠕⠝⠀⠕⠃⠑⠽⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠁⠺⠎⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠠⠃⠕⠽⠇⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠀⠠⠙⠁⠇⠞⠕⠝⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠋⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀⠕⠝
⠀⠞⠗⠊⠁⠇⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠲⠀⠠⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠁⠏⠏⠇⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠕⠇⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠁⠗⠛⠕⠝⠀
⠉⠁⠝⠀⠃⠑⠀⠇⠊⠟⠥⠑⠋⠊⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠊⠟⠥⠊⠙⠀⠃⠕⠊⠇⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠀
⠤⠼⠁⠓⠋⠲⠁⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠋⠗⠑⠑⠵⠑⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠤⠼⠁⠓⠛⠲⠊⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠗⠥⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠛⠁⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀⠑⠭⠉⠑⠑⠙⠊⠝⠛⠇⠽⠀⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠊⠉⠁⠞⠑⠙⠂⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠎⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀
⠝⠥⠍⠃⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠎⠀⠑⠭⠞⠑⠝⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠕⠥⠞⠀⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠧⠊⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠋⠁⠗⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠑⠭⠞⠗⠑⠍⠑⠀⠗⠑⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠥⠇⠞⠗⠁⠤⠧⠊⠕⠇⠑⠞⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀
⠉⠕⠇⠕⠥⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠑⠍⠊⠞⠞⠑⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀⠎⠏⠁⠗⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠛⠁⠎⠀⠉⠓⠁⠝⠛⠑⠎⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠊⠝⠉⠗⠑⠁⠎⠑⠀⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠞⠑⠍⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠁⠀⠃⠗⠊⠇⠇⠊⠁⠝⠞⠀⠗⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀
⠃⠗⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠃⠇⠥⠑⠤⠤⠙⠑⠏⠑⠝⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠝⠎⠊⠞⠽
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠓⠁⠗⠛⠑⠲⠀⠠⠁⠇⠇⠀⠁⠞⠞⠑⠍⠏⠞⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.